mmmmmmmwmmmiimillil^^mim^^^ NYPL RESEARCH LIBRARIES 3 3433 05876577 ■mm ^^ 1 COLLECTIONS OF THE HOLLAND SOCIETY OF NEW YORK VOL. V. RECORDS OF Domine Henrkus Selyns OF New Tork 1686^2 WITH NOTES AND REMARKS BY GARRET A BE EL WRITTEN A CENTURY LATER 1791-2 Published IQ16 Z.^-"J^) Copyright 1916 BY The Holland Society of New York FOREWORD During his term of office as President, William Le- verich Brower offered to the Society for publication a manuscript volume of the Domine Henricus Selyns, Minister of the Reformed Church at Nieuw Amster- dam, and on December lo, 1914, the Trustees passed the following resolution: "Whereas, Our President, William L. Brower, has generously offered to let the Society have his copy of the original book or diary of Domine Selyns, one of first clergymen of New Netherland, for publication, ^^Resolved, That the thanks of the Board of Trus- tees be tendered to our President for his generous offer of such high historical importance and that a special committee of three be appointed by the chair to take steps for the publication of such diary both in the original Dutch and in the translation, as may seem best to the committee, at the expense of the Society." A committee of three was thereupon appointed by the President, consisting of Tunis G. Bergen, Edward Van Winkle, and Seward G. Spoor. At the expiration of Mr. Brower's term of office as President, he was appointed by President Gerard Beekman on the com- mittee. The manuscript came to the committee completed. It was carefully prepared under Mr. Brower's direc- tion. The Dutch has been compared with the original and is accurately reproduced. '^^^^S Province Seal of Nieuw Netherland DEDICATION To The Holla7id Society of New York, many of zvhose sons are lineal descendants of the early settlers herein recorded, and to; The Church of those early days, which, in un- broken succession, is still with us; hy whose foresight and care much of history and tradition which otherwise ivould have been lost has been preserved. This reproductiofi of an old volume, is inscribed and dedicated by one who, from the ^''hallowed quiets of the pasf^ finds inspiration and hope for the future. Re spice. Ads pice. Pros pice. WILLIAM LEFERICII BROWER. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Introduction p ix Description and History of the Manuscript Volume. Contents of the Manuscript Volume: By Domine I. List of Church Mcmbcrs in 1686, arranged Henricus accordin? to the streets of the City. Selvns in ° •' isi6-7. II. List of the Number of their Minor Children, arranged as above. III. Marriage Entries, New York, from June 14, 1686, to April 23, 1687. By Garret jy Historical Notes on the City of New York, 1791-2. from 1009 to 1792. Previous Edition and Copies of Section I. Present Edition of Sections I, II and III. Present Edition of Section IV. The Name-System of the Dutch in the Seventeenth Century and its Subsequent Development. Text P i Exact Copy from the Original Manuscript of Section I (with addition of a List of Abbreviations, Explana- tory Foot-notes, Numbering of Members and Names, Appendices and Index) p i Of Section II (with Translation) p 16 Of Section III (with Translation) p 18 And of Section IV (with addition of a detailed Table of Contents and Explanatory Foot-notes).. p 23 Appendices to Section I p 64 Map of the City of 1695, with Pastoral Routes of Domine Selyns in 1686. Number of Members, Households and Persons in each street in 1686. List of Streets in 1686, and their Equivalents in 1790 and today. Index TO Section I p ^7 [viil INTRODUCTION DESCRIPTION AND HISTORY OF THE MANUSCRIPT VOLUME The Rev. Dr. Thomas De Witt, in his Historical Discourse, 1856, page 24, says: "I have in my possession a small manuscript vol- ume of Domine Selyns, dated 1686, in which there is a register of the members of the church, arranged according to the streets. These streets are found below Wall Street and east of Broadway, while the remaining families are placed 'along shore,' on the East River, above the Fresh Water or Collect, and also on Governor Stuyvesant's bouwerie or farm. This manuscript volume was doubtless prepared by Selyns to direct him in his family visitation." In the Appendix to his Discourse, on page 66, Dr. DeWitt further says in reference to this list of members : "Were we to copy this list it might interest many who delight to search into the 'olden time' and trace the names of their ancestry or of honored and well- known families, and the locality of their residence at that time. To others, however, it would prove dry and uninteresting, and space cannot be afforded for it. It may be gratifying to mark the arrange- ment of the streets in which the families were resi- dent at that early period. We give the Dutch names of the streets found in the list and their translation into English, and their present locality. The whole number of members on the list is five hundred and sixty [563], distributed as follows:" Number of Members. "De Breede Weg (Broadway). 56 Beurs straat (Exchange Street), at present Whitehall Street. 13 Paerl straat (Pearl Street), now Pearl Street, bet\veen State and Whitehall Sts. 34 Langs de Strand (along shore), now the north side of Pearl Street and Hanover Square, between Whitehall and Wall Sts. 67 Lang [ix] Number of Members. Lang de Wall (Wall Street). 22 Nieuw straat (the present New Street). 18 Bever straat (Beaver Street), between Broadway and Broad Street. 16 Marktvelt straat (Marketfield Street). 9 Brouwer's straat (Brewer's Street), now the part of Stone Street bet^veen White- hall and Broad Streets. 16 Brug straat (Bridge Street). 15 Heeren Gracht (Gentlemen's Canal) — the term gracht, or canal, was given to what is now Broad Street, because a canal ran through the middle of it; — oost zyde (east side). 37 Heeren Gracht, west zyde (Broad Street, west side). 49 Hoog straat (High Street), now the part of Stone Street between Broad and Wil- liam Streets. 62 Slyck straat (Mud Street), now South William, formerly Sloat Lane. 5 Prinsess straat (Prince Street), now Bea- ver Street, between Broad and William. 15 Koning straat (King Street), now Pine Street. 8 Smid straat (Smith Street), now William Street, below Wall. 28 Smit's Vallei (Smith's Valley), on the road along the East River shore above Wall Street. 29 Over het Versche Water (beyond the Fresh Water), which was afterward called the Collect. 47 There were seven in the Deacon's House for the Poor, in Broad Street. 7 One is noted as buiten de landt poort (be- vond the land gate), that is, on the present Broadway, above Wall Street: — only one. i There are seven placed at a more remote distance. 7 The [x] The above is given to show in what a small part of the lower section of the city the more compact portion of the population was comprised in 1686." This little volume of Domine Selyns, to which Dr. DeWitt refers in the quotation above, originally well bound, but now very much broken, is only five inches by three in size, and about one inch thick. It contains about 170 leaves, or 340 pages. It was not, strictly speaking, one of the official books of the church, but a private memorandum book of one of its ministers. Most ministers, no doubt, are in the habit of making somewhat similar records of their communicants; but this record is of special interest because of its age, and its carefully made list of 566 church members then liv- ing in the city, with the location of their residences, mostly south of Wall Street. After the death of Domine Selyns, in 1701, the his- tory of this volume is a matter of conjecture. It prob- ably passed into the hands of his successor, Domine DuBois (1699- 1 751), and from him it would naturally have fallen into the hands of Domine Ritzema (1744- 1794). The latter probably carried it with him to Kinderhook when he left the city in 1776, on account of the British occupation. He did not return to the city, but became pastor emeritus, 1784-1794. In 1784 the Consistory requested him to send back the records of the church. This he did, and possibly this book was among them. It would then naturally have fallen into the hands of Dr. John H. Livingston, who was the sole acting pastor for a while after the Revolution; or perhaps into the hands of the Consistory's clerk. But soon aftef we find it in the possession of Garret Abeel, who was elected to the Consistory in 1791. He, being of an historical turn of mind, utilized the blank pages of this volume to record many facts about the church and city; but his statements do not extend beyond the year 1791, which we may therefore consider as the approxi- mate date of his writing. Not many official docu- ments had then yet been made available, and the his- tory [xi] tory of the city and church was yet largely traditional/ From Garret Abeel the volume very probably passed into the care of Domine Gerardus A. Kuypers (1789- 1833), who was the acknowledged authority on the his- tory of the Church in his day. In the year of his death (1833) [it] was loaned by some one to Dr. T. R. De Forest. He published in that year a little volume styled "Olden Time in New York. By Those Who Knew." That Dr. De Forest had the book in 1833 ap- pears from the following extract from his prefatory note : After returning thanks to the several friends who had aided him in his labors, he says: "and in a particular manner to the gentleman who kindly loaned to me the valuable old manuscript from which most of the matter in the following pages was gleaned. This book was formerly the property of Domine Selyns, and bears the date of 1686. The first part contains a memoranda [sic] of church mem- bers at that time, with their residences carefully noted down in the Dutch language and character [Gothic chirography] ; the latter part of the volume, from which the extracts have been made, is in the English language, and appears to have been a memo- randa [sic] of the past and present. The whole is highly interesting and bears evidence of strict verac- ity; and as the language of the author has met with few and slight alterations, the reader to understand it fully, must carry himself back in his imagination to about the commencement of the present [the 19th] century." T. R. De Forest. New York, July, 1833. This volume of Domine Selyns was in the hands of Rev. Dr. Thomas De Witt in 1841, when he published the list of members of 1686 in "The Collections of the New York Historical Society," and in 1856, and proba- bly during the intervening period, and down to his death in 1874. It was by his executors given to Rev. Dr. Talbot 'Judge William Smith had in- deed written a history of the Province of New York in 1733, and his son of the same name had brought it down to 1762. While valuable in many ways, the lack of the official documents even in this history is often very apparent. [xiil Dr. Talbot W. Chambers, from whom it passed into the possession of Mr. William L. Brower, and is still owned by him. Contents of the Manuscript Volume. The Manuscript Volume had 170 leaves and may be divided into four sections: I. The Member-list covers the first 68 of these, in- cluding the first five leaves now missing from the manuscript. Immediately thereafter follows: II. The Number-list of Children, which covers only two leaves. These first 70 leaves are written on one side only. With the exception of a few white pages here and there between the divisions, the follow- ing 100 leaves are written on both sides. Of these, 19 leaves, or 38 pages, contain the first of the Notes of Garret Abeel. These are followed by 9 pages of: III. Marriage Entries of members of the Dutch Re- formed Church of New York in 1686-7 in the handwriting of Domine Selyns. IV. The Notes of Garret Abeel following thereafter take up 72 pages; together with the former 38 pages in Abeel's hand they amount to no pages, or 55 leaves. Previous Seal of NIeuw Amsterdam [xiii] Previous Edition and Copies of Section I. The List of Church Members in 1686. This list has been printed at least four times, namely: A in Dr. Thomas De Witt's edition in "The Col- lections of the New York Historical Society," Sec- ond Series, Vol. I, 1841, pp. 392-399. AI in David T. Valentine's "History of the City of New York," 1853, pp. 331-343- AH in James Grant Wilson's "Memorial History of New York," Vol. I, 1892, pp. 446-452. AP in "The Year-Book of The Holland Society of New York," 1896, pp. 178-189. Of the above mentioned publications, A is the only edition from the original. It was prepared by the Rev. Thomas DeWitt, D.D., of the Collegiate Reformed Dutch Church of New York. An "Introductory Note" on pp. 390-391 and a very short critical note on p. 399 were added to the text. The "Introductory Note" gives: A short biography of Domine Henricus Selyns. An English translation of the most frequent Dutch phrases and abbreviations in the list. A list of ministers of the Dutch Reformed Church in the City of New York from 1639- 1833. A Latin poem by Domine Selyns, dated October 16, 1697. The short critical note gives: The English and classical equivalents of some of the Dutch female baptismal names occurring in the list. A remark about errors probably occurring in the manuscript. The Text. — As to the number and order of names, this edition is fairly correct and complete, but as a whole it lacks uniformity and fidelity. The numerous misspellings of names are not due to a regular trans- literation of the original spelling into the modern American way of spelling Dutch names. The editor evidently intended to conform to the spelling of the original. The mistakes, some of which have resulted in changing names beyond recognition, are mainly due to the [xlv] the editor's unfamiliarity with the Dutch language, or- thography and chirography of the 17th Century, the patronymic name system, and the geography of the Netherlands, from which many family names have been derived. The Frisian names among them have not been understood at all, and in a few instances men's names have been taken for women's names, and the reverse. The typographical errors have been left uncorrected. The original Dutch names of the streets are in some cases accompanied only by the English translation, ac- cording to their meaning, in other cases only by the modern equivalents of the streets. The division into households has been disregarded altogether. The loca- tion of the "Diaconies Huys" on the "Heerengracht, west-zyde" (Deacons' House for the Poor on Broad Street), is misleading. It was not situated at the ex- treme north end of Broad Street, as this first edition of the list would imply; several houses stood between it and the north end. Furthermore, there have been omitted: Two localities, given in the list: "Boschwyck" (Bushwick) and "Nieuwe Tuynen" (Newtown), and their inhabitants, and also the list of streets and the number of minor children of church members living there. The "Introductory Note" gives some correct and useful information, but little of direct bearing on the list and the better understanding of it. Also the short critical note is of little or no help. Copies from Dr. Thomas De Witt's Edition of Section I. Of this edition AI and All are direct copies; AP is a copy from AI. AI. David T. Valentine's "History of the City of New York," 181^3, pp. 331-343, contains a copy of the text of Section I under the title: "List of Members of the Dutch Church in This City in the Year 1686 (from the Manuscript of Domine Selynus, by Rev. Dr. De Witt of this City)." This reprint shows not only the same mistakes and omissions as its printed original, but many [xv] many more. Moreover, it has done away entirely with the orthography, which Dr. De Witt had attempted at least to retain in his edition. It follows the modern American way of spelling Dutch names. Evidently the copyist never saw the original manuscript. AP. The Year-Book of the Holland Society of New York, 1896, pp. 178-189 contains a reprint from AI, an indirect copy, therefore, from Dr. De Witt's text. Be- ing a very faithful copy of its immediate predecessor, it has not added any mistakes to those already existing. Without seeing the original manuscript, or making use of the edition of Dr. De Witt, the transcriber, through his thorough familiarity with the Dutch language, has amended some corrupt spellings of street names and given a more accurate version of their meaning, and also of their modern equivalents. All. James Grant Wilson's "Memorial History of the City of New York," 1892, Vol. I, pp. 446-452, con- tains a reprint from the text of A, under the title "List of Church Members and Their Residences in 1686, Kept by the Rev. Henricus Selyns, Pastor of the Dutch Reformed Church." The orthography of the names has in this reprint been modernized only here and there, and as a whole it can be called a faithful copy from Dr. De Witt's text, with all its errors and omissions. Present Edition of Sections I, II and III. The Present Edition of (I) The List of Church Members in 1686; (II) The List of the Number of Their Minor Children; (III) Marriage Entries, New York, June 14, 1686; has been based exclusively on the original manuscript. The text of Section I is an exact copy from the origi- nal manuscript except for the first five pages, which are missing there. The contents of these pages have been reconstructed on the basis of Dr. De Witt's text of 1841. These pages comprise a part of Broadway, the first street mentioned in the manuscript, and the names of forty-eight persons indicated as living there. Of these forty were church members in 1686. These names have been compared with the official Church Records, and are fxvi^ are carefully spelt after the orthographical principles followed by Domine Selyns. The names of seven hundred and six persons are in- dicated in this list. Included with them are the names of deceased husbands, where the church members were widows; also the names of living husbands who were not in communion with the Dutch Church. These to- gether numbered one hundred and forty persons, mak- ing the number of church members five hundred and sixty-six. It is highly probable that the living husbands above mentioned were communicants in other churches, such as the Church of England and the French Huguenot Church. Six negroes are mentioned, five of whom were church members ; these were divided among three households. One of them, a woman, lived within the walls, at the north end of Prince's Street; four were men and lived outside at the Great Kill and the Freshwater. The members lived in seventeen streets inside the city walls and in seven localities outside, the names of which in the Manuscript are all written at the heads of the pages. The names of the streets, etc., are given in the text as Domine Selyns recorded them; their English translation and the names of their modern equivalents are added. In Appendix C, these names will be found together with their equivalents a century later than the date of the Manuscript, as recorded by Garret Abeel in Domine Selyns' volume opposite the originals. The division into households, purposely and very carefully kept in Domine Selyns' list, has been over- looked by Dr. De Witt and consequently by those who copied him. This division is of genealogical impor- tance, as it shows in most cases the family relationship. The five hundred and sixty-six members belong to three hundred and twenty-four households. The number of members of households and of per- sons mentioned in each street or locality is given in Appendix B. It has been thought that it would be interesting to trace the routes followed by Domine Selyns in making his pastoral visits. For this purpose a copy of the map of [xvll] of the city, as it appeared in 1695, published in Valen- tine's Manual for 1845-46, has been introduced into this volume, on which is indicated in red lines the journey- ing of this illustrious man in the discharge of his sacred duties. (See Appendix A.) In the Present Edition the names of all persons and members mentioned in the list have been numbered, the members receiving besides their person-number a mem- ber-number also. An alphabetical index, indicating the persons by their person or name-number, has been prepared and w^ill be found at the end of this volume. Section II. The text of Section II is also an exact copy from the original manuscript. The title added by Domine Selyns is somewhat misleading, as the list does not give the names of the children or the number of children in each household, but only the number of children in each of the streets where church members lived. We have, therefore, added a more complete title, while Domine Selyns' title of the list has also been kept, and a literal translation of it is given in the foot- note. The columns giving the translation of the street names and the modern equivalents of the streets, are also added as well as the final total of the number of children. Section III. The marriage entries given in this volume are dated from June 14, 1686, to July 25, 1686, inclusive. They cover, however, the dates from June 14, 1686, to April 23, 1687, inclusive, as comparison with the official Church Records shows. ^ The way these entries have been made shows clearly that they were made at the time of the reading of the banns, and that Domine Selyns must have used the vol- ume, not only as a note book for his regular visits, but also in his pulpit. In this edition the original Dutch has been given, and the English translation has been added. The list contains the publication of the banns of eighteen parties. Among ^The Church Records of Mar- I and Biographical Society, Vol. i. See riages are published in the Collec- there, pp. 60, 61. tions of the New York Genealogical I [xviii] Among these occurs the publication of Domine Sel- yns' own banns with the widow of de Heer Cornelis van Steenwyck, the first publication on October 2nd. The marriage took place October 20th, 1686/ Present Edition of Section IV. Garret Abeel's Historical Notes on the City of New York, from 160Q to I7Q2. These notes were written in the manuscript volume more than a century after Domine Selyns' time (1791-1792) by Garret Abeel, a member of the Consistory of the Dutch Reformed Church, and occupy one hundred and ten pages, or fifty-five leaves. They are somewhat miscellaneous in character and arrangement, but are in this edition given in the order in which they are found. Foot-notes are added here and there, and in order to give a brief view of the whole, a detailed table of contents has been prepared. Dr. T. R. De Forest, in his ''Olden Time in New York," has used much of this material, with matter from other sources. While often quoting Abeel's very language, he has, however, arranged his material in a more logical order. Not a few inaccuracies will be noticed both in Abeel's and De Forest's statements by those familiar with the official documents, which have since been made avail- able. THE 'Did he publish his own banns, or request one of the Consistory to do it? He had no colleague at the time. [xix] THE NAME-SYSTEM OF THE DUTCH IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY, AND ITS SUBSEQUENT DEVELOPMENT. Illustrated by Examples from DOMINE SELYNS' LIST OF 1686. Given Names. After the introduction of Christianity in the Nether- lands, and perhaps still earlier, a foreign class of names grew up by the side of the native Dutch names. Dur- ing the middle ages these foreign names increased so rapidly that they soon outnumbered the native names, except in the province of Friesland in the Netherlands, and in the province of the same name in Germany, and along the Danish borders. The foreign names in the Netherlands, however, developed peculiar Dutch forms, so as to be hardly recognized as the same as their originals, and became, as it were, a second native class of names. In the Golden Age of the Dutch Re- public, the period in which Domine Selyns made out his list, the proportion of the native and foreign names was about equal, as it is at the present day, and few of the native names have been lost since then. The native element is, of course, Germanic, but modified by pecu- liar Dutch forms. We offer a few remarks on the development of both classes of names, and will use, as examples, only such names as are found in-our list of 1686. I. Names of Men. I. Class of native names. These are the survivors of the old heraldic system of names. Each name con- sists of two inseparable parts, one part being common to a whole class of names. For example: Hend-rick Frede-rick Dirck=Diede-rick=Theodorick. Thyman Ixx] Thyman=Tiede-man=House-father. Hart-man=Strong-man. Hey-man=Hege-man=Tall-man. Evert:=Ever-hard=Strong as a boar. Barent:^Bern-hard=Strong as a bear. Wolferl:=Wolf-hard=Strong as a wolf. Olfert is the Frisian form of Wolfert; Ulf, being in old Frisian, as well as in Scandinavian, a wolf. Allard=Adel-hard=Very noble. C^^\ \ =Gerhard^Strong as a spear. Albert=Adel-bert. Gysbert=Gisel-bert. Egbert:=Egen-bert. Seu rt=Siward=Sige-ward. Willem=Wil-helm. Other Germanic men's names in this list are : Arent ; Coenraed; Leendert; Huyg=Hugo=tall; Walter= ruler; Otto; Lodewyck; Carel; Bruyn; Wessel ; Rut- ger; Reyer; Warner; and a few special Frisian names, such as, Olfert; Siurt; Boele; Wyd; Rip; Wybrant= Wige-brand=sword of war. Compare Sige-brand; Wilde-brand, etc. 2. Class of foreign names. From the Hebrew of the Old Testament and from the Apocrypha: — Abraham; Isaac; Jacob; Benjamin; Jonathan; David; Solomon; Adam; Assuerus (an As- syrian name); Elias; Daniel; Jeremias; Zacharias; Tobias. From the Greek of the New Testament: — Simon; Petrus (or Pieter) ; Johannes (or Jan); Philippus; Thomas; Andreas (Andries) ; Stephanus; Lucas; Nicolaus (Claes) ; Nicasius; Christophorus (Stofifel) ; Christian (us), (Christian). From the Latin: — Antonius (Theunis) ; Cornelius; Clement; Vincent; Victor; Laurens; Justus (Joost) ; Jurrian(us); Adrian (us)=Adrian, Arie; Martinus (Maerten) ; Paulus. IL Names [xxil II. Names of Women. 1. Class of native names. A less number of wom- en's names have survived, in Holland, than of men's names. Examples: Geer-truyd=Ger-trude=Spear-betrothed; Hillegont=Hilde-gonda=Battle-bride; and the diminutives: Hilletje=Heyltje, from Hilda. Vrouwtje, from Trowa^Mistress of the house. Femmetje, from Femma=Maiden. Wal-burg; Wy-burg, from the last syllable of which, Brechtje is a diminutive. Blandina=Blondine=Fair-haired. The native names of women have been enlarged in number, by adding to the native names of men, the end- ings -je; -tje; and -ken. Examples: Willemtje; Metje, from Metten, a Frisian name; Wyntje, from the first syllable of Wynant; Egbertje; Engeltje; Albertje; Baetje, from Bato, a Frisian name; Baertje, from Bart; Hendrickje; Geertje, from Geert =Gerhard; Gerritje, from Gerrit=Gerhard; Gys- bertje, from Gysbert; Geesje, from Gys=Gysbert; Wiesken, from Wietse, a Frisian name; and Ytje, from Ide, a Frisian man's name. 2. Class of foreign names. This class is much larger for the names of women than for the names of men. Many have been borrowed from the Hebrew. For example: From the wives of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, and even of Assuerus; as Sara; Rebecca; Rachel; Hester; also Deborah has not been forgotten; while from the New Testament, there are the Hebrew names of Anna, Elizabeth, Magdalena, Lydia; and from the Hebrew of the Apocrypha, Su- sanna and Judith. From the Greek names of saints have been derived the names of Catharina; Agatha; Margaretha; Sophia; Helena; ApoUonia; and from Latin names, those of Maria; Cornelia; Agneta; Christina; Celia; Caneva; Emerentia; Ursula. Numerous [xxiil Numerous derivatives and diminutives have been derived from these foreign names. For example: From Anna came Annetje and Anneke. From Elizabeth came Elsje, Lysbeth and Betje. From Magdalena came Magdaleentje. From Helena came Leentje. From Catharina came Tryntje. From Agatha came Aechtje. From Margaretha came Margrietje and Grietje. From Sophia came Fytje. From Apollonia came Pleuntje. From Maria came Marritje and Mayken. From Cornelia came Neeltje. From Antonia came Theuntje. From Celia came Celitje. From Agneta came Agnietje. From Emerentia came Emmerentje. From Cunera came Kniertje. From Ursula came Urseltje. Etc., etc. Also many Dutch names of women have been derived from men's names of foreign origin, by adding the Dutch diminutive endings, as From Adrianus=Ariaen, came Ariaentje. From Jacob=Jaep, came Jaepje. From Nicolaes=Claes, came Claesje. Patronymics A Dutch patronymic is a man's name with its geni- tive ending, added as a sur-name, to the given name of a person who stands under his patria potestate (who belongs to his household). Such person may be his son or his daughter, his wife or his grandchild. The genitive endings which make these patronymics from the names of men, whether native names or for- eign nam^s, are: I. The Frankish genitive, ending in -en. This end- ing is old and becoming very rare, and occurs almost exclusively as a suffix to native names. Examples in our list are: Boelen; Bonen; Corren; Fokken. The [xxiii] The Saxon genitive s or se. Patronymics formed by genitive endings only, could be utilized by women as well as men. The patronymics formed by the Saxon genitive, how- ever, sometimes added sen or zen, standing for soon or zoon, meaning son. This kind of patronymic became very common in the seventeenth and eighteenth cen- turies, but it could, of course, be used only by men. At first, women had the ending dochter, daughter, as an equivalent, but this did not continue. The patronym- ics of men, ending in -ssen or -szen became perma- nent as family names in the latter part of the seven- teenth century. Before that time they were only spo- radic, but at the end of the eighteenth century had be- come common. Then also women began to use such family names, derived from patronymics ending in ssen or szen. Domine Selyns' list, however, shows only one example of such usage, namely. No. 375 : Lysbeth Jacobzen. As for the rest, the old patronymic system was so much in use among the Dutch in 1686, that such forms existed as Abrahams, Andries, Arents, Barents, Claes, Cornelis, Dirx (x=ks), Frans, Frederics, Gerrits, Hendricks, Jacobs, Jacobus, Jans, Laurens, Lucas, Pic- ters, Thomas, Wessels, Willems. To these forms, as being pure genitives, both men and women were en- titled; but for the sake of distinction they were borne only by females. Men used almost exclusively such patronymics as Abrahamszen, Andrieszen, Arentszen, etc. But one must remember that the name which forms the essen- tial part of a patronymic must be that of a person's father. In case a patronymic belongs to a woman, it may, perhaps, express not her father's, but her hus- band's name; but sometimes, in cases of both men and women, it may express the grandfather's name. Every- thing depends upon the residence; in whose patria po- testate the person resides. For, although the Roman institution of patria potestas never found its way among the Dutch, a similar legal arrangement, which subse- quently became a custom, existed among them. And even [xxiv] even long after this custom of patria potestas had died out, the Dutch kept up the patronymic system which originated from it. It had become a matter of convention, as well as a necessity for convenience, to distinguish persons of the same given name from one another by giving them sur- names. Now the patronymic was one form of sur- name. But in certain respects the mere patronymic was not satisfactory, for it left members of the same general family without a common and distinctive fam- ily name. But permanent family names grew up gradually out of these patronymics; so that by the end of the eighteenth century most families were provided with definite and permanent family names. Then patronymics of the immediate paternal ancestry only survived as middle names, and their further develop- ment into family names came largely to an end. This process reached its development almost completely, in the Dutch speaking world, by the close of the eight- eenth century. It was totally finished in the Nether- lands in 1810 by a Napoleonic law ordering everyone yet without a family name to assume such a name. In the course of another generation, this process of de- velopment of surnames was absolutely completed not only in the Netherlands, but in America, South Africa and Ceylon. The Paulison name is one of the latest examples in America of a patronymic becoming a per- manent family name. Family Names. Many other family names had their origin from the locality where some prominent member of the family once lived. In such cases prepositions frequently ad- hered to the family name, indicating the locality from which they sprung; the definite article often remaining in combination with the preposition. For example: Van, as in Van Winkle. Van den, Van der, sometimes contracted to ver. Te der, contracted to ter. Te den, contracted to ten. Voor, as in Voor-Hees; van Voor-Hees. Onder, [xxv] Onder, as in Onder-donk. Op, as in Op-dyck. Op den, contracted into oppen, as in Oppendyck. Many Dutch family names have also been formed from occupations of one of its members, in most cases of the auctor generis, or founder of the family. Such family names stand sometimes by themselves, some- times with the prefixed definite articles de and den. Many of the patronymics occurring in the list of Domine Selyns of 1686 were not yet family names at that time and many never became such. Domine Selyns seems to have used the names by which his church-members were more popularly known and in many cases he gives a patronymic only where a family name of another nature was possessed already by the same person, as appears from wills and other legal documents of the times, in which the per- sons had to be mentioned not with their popular but with their legal names. The index of names will illustrate the rules and statements given here. Seal of New York 1669 [xxvi] SECTION I. LIST OF MEMBERS OF THE DUTCH REFORMED CHURCH IN NEW YORK IN 1686, Arranged According to the Streets of the City By DoMiNE Henricus Selyns in 1686 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS and translation of Dutch terms occurring in this list: en syn h. ) en syn huysv. \ en syne huysvrouw, en syn huysvr. ; h. V. W. V. wed. V. de HI-. Juffr. huysvrouw van, I weduwe van, de Heer, Juffrou, and his (house) wife. (house) wife of. widow of Sir or Mr. Lady or M^S- I. Breede weg (Broadway). Name- Member- Number. Number.^ 1,2 3,4 5.6 7,8 9, 10 II, 12 13, 14 15, 16 17,18 I Ariaentje Cornelius, h. v. Albert Barents. 2, 3 Paulus Turck, en S3^n huysvr. Aeltje Barents. 4 Maria Turck, h. v. Abraham Kermer. 5, 6 Coenraed ten Eyck, en syn h. Annetje Daniels. 7, 8 Gerrit Jantze.^ Roos, en syn h. Tryntje Arents. 9, 10 Tobias Stoutenburg, en syn h. Annetje van Hillegom. I I Marritje Cornelis, h. v. Elias Post. 12, 13 Jurriaen Blanck, en syn huysv. Hester van der Beeck. 14, 15 Johannes van Gelder, en syn h. Janneken Montenack. ^ In the original MS. the names of streets, persons and members have not been numbered. The num- bering has been added by the pres- ent editor. The first column gives the name-number, or the number of all persons mentioned ; the second column gives the member-number, or the number of all members. * In the original MS. abbrevia- tions in the names are indicated with the mark — above the last let- ter of the abbreviated name; we indicate them with a . mark. In this list they only occur in male forms of patronymics; for in- stance: Jansz (Jansz.), or Jansze (Jansze.), stands for: Janszen. [I] Name- Number Member- . Number 19,20 16, 17 21, 22 18,19 23,24 25,26 20 21 27,28 22,23 29,30 31,32 24,25 26,27 33,34 35,36 28 29,30 37,38 31,32 39,40 33 41,42 43,44 34 35,36 45,46 37,38 47, 48^ 39,40 49, 50 41,42 51,52 43,44 53, 54 55 56,57 58 59,60 61,62 45 46 47,48 49 50 51 2. Beurs Strae 63,64 52 65,66 53,54 67,68 55,56 69,70 71,72 57 58,59 73 60 Pieter Willemse Roome, en syn h, Hester van Gelder. Willem van der Schuuren, en syn h. Grietje Plettenburg, Annetje Bording, h. v. Cornelis Kregier. Tryntje Cornelis, wed. v. Christiaen Pieter- sen. Hendrick Obee, en syn huysv. Aeltje Claes. Evert Aertsen, en syn huysvr. Styntie Nagel. Olphert Seurt, en syn huysvr. Margareta Klopper. Helena Pieterse, h. v. Abraham Mathysen. Geurt Gerritsen, en syn huysv. Elisabeth Cornelis. Seurt Olphertsen, en syn huysv. Ytie Roe- lofse. Anneken Mauritz, wed. v. Dom. Wilhelmus van Nieuwenhuysen. Tryntje Bickers, h. v. Walter Heyers. de H""- Frangois Rombout, en syn h. Helena Teller. Isaac Stephenszen, en syn h. Margareta van Veen. Lucas Andrieszen, en syn h. Aefje Laurence. Balthazar Bayard, en syn huysv. Marritje Loockermans. M""- Gerrit van Tricht, en syn h. Maria van der Grift. Blandina Kierstede, h. v. Pieter Bayard. Rachel Kierstede. Jan Peeck en syn huysv. Lysbeth van Imburg Gysbert van Imburg. Tryntie Adolphus, h. v. Thomas Hooker. Lysbeth Lucas, w. v. Jan Stephenszen. Beurs Straet, ["Exchange Place"] (Whitehall Street.) Margarietje Pieters, h. v. Frederick Arent- szen. Jacob Teller, en syn huysvr. Cnristina Wes- sels. Jacob de Key, en syn huysvr. Hillegond Theu- nis. Sara Bedlo, h. v. Claes Borger. Pieter de Riemer, en syn huysvr. Susanna de Foreest. Isaac de Riemer. ^ The 48 names above mentioned have been reconstructed on the basis of Dr. De Witt's text of his edition of 1841, because the first five pages of the original MS. are missing. [2] Name- Member- Number. Number. 74, 75 6 1 Juffr. Magareta de Riemer,' wed. van den H""- Cornells Steenwyck. 76, 77 62, 63 Andries Greevenraedt, en syn huysv. Anna van Brug. 3. Paerl Straet, (Pearl Street). (Between State and Whitehall Sts.) 78, 79 64, 65 Jan Willemszen, en syn huysv. Lysbeth Fredricx, Marten Cregier. Tryntie Cregier, wed. van StofEel Hooglant. Margareta Blanck, h. v. Philip Smit. Gerrit Hardenberg, en syn huysv. Jaepje Schepmoes. Sara Hardenberg. Isaac Greevenraedt, en syn huysv. Marritle Jans. Hendrick Jilliszen Meyert, en syn huysv. Elsje Rosenvelt. Andries Breestede, en syn huysv. Annetje van Borsum. Aeltje Schepmoes, w^- v. Jan Evertszen Keteltas. Susanna Marsuryn, wed. van Claes Bording. Gerrit van Gilden. Pieter le Grand, en syn huysv. Janneken de Windel. Jan Schouten, en syn huysv. Sara Jans. Lysbeth Schouten. Dirck Theuniszen, en syn huysvr. Catalina Frans. Warnar Wessels, en syn huysvr. Lysbeth Cornells. Nicolaes Blanck. Catharina Blanck, h. v. Justus Witsvelt. Claesje Blanck, h. v. Victor Bicker. Tryntie Claes, wed. van Jeuriaen Blanck. Pieter Jacobszen Marius, en syn h. Marritje Beeck. Aeltje Willems, wed. van Pieter Corneliszen. Thomas Laurenszen, en syn huysv. Marritje Jans. Corn(elis) van Langevelt, en syn huysv. Maria Groenlant. Trvntle Michiels, h. v. Andries Claeszen. 80 81,82 83,84 85,86 66 67 68 69, 70 87 88,89 71 72,73 90,91 74,75 92,93 76,77 94,95 78 96,97 98 99, 100 79 80 81,82 loi, 102 103 104, 105 83,84 85 86,87 106, 107 88,89 108 109, no III, 112 113, "4 115, 116 90 91 92 93 94,95 117, 118 119, 120 96 97,98 121, 122 99, 100 123, 124 lOI ' Domine Henricus Selyns, widr. of Machteld Specht, married this lady on the 20th of Oct., 1686. See the Official Church Records printed in "The Collections of the New York Gen. and Biog. Society." Vol. I, 1890, p. 61, and also our present text III, on p. 39. [3] 4. Langs Strant ["Along the Shore,"] (North side of Pearl St. and Hanover Sq. to Wall St.) Name- Member- Number. Number. 125, 126 102 Rebecca de la Val, h. v. Willem der Val. 127, 128 103 Elsje Thymens, h. v. Jacob Leydsler.' 129 104 Susanna Leydsler. 130, 131 105, 106 Daniel Veenvos, en syn huysv. Christina van der Grift. 132, 133 107, 108 Jacob Leendertsen van der Grift en syn h. Rebecca Fredericx. 134 109 Nicolaes van der Grift. 135 no Rachel van der Grift. 136, 137 III Rachel Kip, h. van. Lucas Kierstede. 138, 139 112 Celitje Jans, h. v. Paulus Richard. 140, 141 113 Elisabeth Grevenraedt, wed. van. D^ Samuel Drisius. 142, 143 114, 115 Pieter de la noy, en syn huysv. Elisabeth de Potter. 144 116 Catharina Bedlo, 145, 146 117, 118 Frederick Gysbertsz. van den Berg, en syn h. Maria Lubberts. 147, 148 119 Jannetje Tienhoven, h. v. John Smit. 149, 150 120 Henriette Wessels, wed. v. Allard Anthony. 151 121 Maria Wessels. 152, 153 122, 123 Benjamin Blaeck, en syn huysv. Judith Etsal. I54> 155 124, 125 Jacobus Kip, en syn huysv. Hendrickje Wes- sels. 156, 157 126 Marritje Hendricx,^ w. v. Nicolaes Janszen Backer. 158, 159 127 Debora de Meyert, h. v. Thomas Crundall. 160, 161 128, 129 Albert Bosch, en syn huysvr. Elsje Blanck. 162, 163 130 Anna Maria Jans, h. v. Cornelis Janszen van Hoorn. 164, 165 131 Hillegont Cornelis, h. v. Olfert Kreeftberry.* 166 132 Vrouwtje Cornelis. 167, 168 133, 134 Pieter Janszen Messier, en syn h. Marritje Willems. 169, 170 135, 136 Coenraed ten Eyck, Junior, en syn h. Belitje Hercx. 171, 172 137, 138 Tobias ten Eyck, en syn huysvr. Elisabeth Hegemans. 173 U9 Benjamin Hegemans. 174 140 Hermannus Borger. 175, 176 141 Engeltje Mans, wed. v. Borger Joriszen. 177 142 Johannes Borger. 178, 179 143, 144 Lucas Tienhoven, en syn huysvr. Tryntie Bordings. 'The well-known Jacob Leisler. ^Wilson has: Marritje Wessels. ^Wilson has: Olfert Kreefts- berg. [4I Name- Member- Number. Number. 1 80, 181 145, 146 Cornells Verduyn, en syn huysvr. Sara Hen- dricx. 182, 183 147, 148 Albert Klock, en syn huysvr. Tryntie Abra- hams. 184, 185 149, 150 Marten Klock, en syn huysv. Lysbeth Abra- hams. 186, 187 151 Geesje Barents, wed. v. Thomas Lieuwenszen. 188 152 Catharina Lieuwens. 189, 190 153, 154 Johannes van Brug, en syn huysv. Catharina Roelefs, 191, 192 155 Cornelia Beeck, h. v. Jacobus de Hardt. 193. 194 156 Margareta Hendricx, h. v. John Robbertson. 195.196 157,158 Charsten Luursen, en syn huysv. Geertie Quick. 197, 198 159 Aeltje Gysberts, h. v. Zacharlas Laurenszen. 199, 200 160 Francyntie Andries, h. v. Abraham Lubberts. 201,202 161 Annetje van Borsum, wed. v. Egbert van Borsum. 203, 204 162, 163 Pieter van der Groef, en syn huysvr. Janneken van Borsum. 205,206 164, 165 Robert Sinclaer, en syn huysvr, Maria Duyck- ing. 5. Langs de Wal. ["Along the Wall."]' {South Side of Wall Street.) 207,208 166 Willemtje Claes, h. v. Gysbert Elbertsen. 209 167 Neeltje Gysberts. 210,211 168, 169 Adriaen Dircxen, en syn huysvr. Lybeth Jans. 212,213 170 Heyltje de la chair, h. v. John Cavallier. 214, 215 171 Anna Maria van Giesen, h. v. Johannes Jans- zen. 216,217 172 Marritie Pieters, h. v. Jacob Pieterszen. 218,219 173,174 Bernhardus Hassing, en syn huysv. Neeltie van Couwenhoven. 220,221 175 Geertruyd Jans van's Gravenswaert, h. v. John Otten. 222 176 Neeltje van Thuyl. 223,224 177 Sophia Claes, h. v. Rotgert Parker. 225,226 178,179 Gerrit Corn(elis) van Westveen, en syn h. Wyntie Stoutenburg. 227,228 180 Urseltje Duytsman, wed. v. Johannes Harden- broeck. 229,230 181 Metje Hardenbroeck, h. V. Evert Hendrlcxen. 231 182 Casparus Hardenbroeck. 232,233 183,184 Hermannus van Borsum, en syn huysv. Wy- burg Hendricx. 234.235 185 Claertje Dominicus, h. v. Jan Pieterszen Slot. 'Wilson translates: "Along the Wharf." [5I Name- Member- Number. Number. 236,237 186 Gerritje Quick, h. v. Leendert de Grauw. 6. Nieuwe Straet, (New Street.) 238, 239 187 Janneken Jans, h. v. Isaac Abrahamszen. 240,241 188, 189 Daniel Waldron, en syn huysv. Sara Rutgers. 242, 243 190 Adriaentje Jans, h. v. Vincent de la montagne. 244, 245 191 Marritje Waldron, h. v. Hendrick Gerritszen. 246, 247 192 Aefje Roos, h. v. Johannes van Gelder. 248,249 193,194 Heyman Koning, en syn huysvr. Marritje Andries. 250,251 195 Metje Davids, wed. van Abraham Kermer. 252, 253 196, 197 Jan Willemszen Room, en syn h. Maria Bas- tiaens. 254, 255 198 Annetje Ackerman, h. v. Daniel Pieterszen. 256, 257 199, 200 Arent Fredericxen, en syn huysv. Sara Theu- nis. 258,259 201,202 Jeuriaen Nagel, en syn huysv. Jannetjc Philips. 260, 261 203, 204 Willem Peers, en syn huysv. Grietje Kierse. 7. Bever Straet, (Beaver Street.) (Between Broadway and Broad Street.) 262 205 Jacob Kolve, 263, 264 206 Janneken Lucas, h. v. Jacob van Sauen. 265, 266 207, 208 Jacob Phcenix, en syn huysv. Anna van Vleck. 267, 268 209 Engeltje Hercx, h. v. Jan Evertzen. 269,270 210,211 Hendrick Bosch, en syn huysv. Egbertje Dircx. 271,272 212 Catalina de Vos, h. v. Nicolaes de Pu. 273 213 Jacob de Koninck. 274 214 Henricus Selyns. 275,276 215,216 Hendrick Boelen, en syn huysv. Anneken Coert. 277,278 217,218 Cornelis van der Cuyl, en syn huysv. Lysbeth Arents. 279, 280 219 Sara Waldron, h. v. Laurens Colevelt. 281,282 220,221 M"^- Abraham de la noy, en svn h. Cornelia Toll. 8. Morckvelt Straet, (Market field Street.) 283, 284 222, 223 Jan Adamszen Metselaer, en syn h. Geertje Dircks. 285, 286 224, 225 Herman de Grauw, en syn huysv. Styntje van Steenbergen. 287, 288 226, 227 Dirck Janszen de Groot, en syn h. Rachel Philips. [6] Name- Member- Number. Number. 289, 290 228 Baetje Jans, h. v. Pieter Meyer. 291, 292 229, 230 Arent Leendertszen de Grauw, en h. Maria Hendricks. 9. Brouwers Straet, ["Brewer's Street."] {Stone St., between Whitehall and Broad Sts.) 293 231 de H""- Frederick Philipszen. 294 232 Johanna van Swanenburg. 295, 296 233 Anna Blanck, h. v. Joris Brugwerton. 297, 298 234 Janneken de Key, h. v. Jeremias Thotill. 299, 300 235, 236 Isaac de Foreest, en syn huysv. Lysbeth van der Spiegel. 301, 302 237 Sarah Philips, wed. v. Isaac de Foreest. 303, 304 238, 239 Jan Dircxen, en syn huysvr. Baertje Kip. 305, 306 240, 241 de H""- Stephanus van Cortlant, en syn h. Geertruyd Schuyler. 307 242 Jacobus van Cortlant. 308, 309 243 Juffr. Susanna Schrick, h. v. den H'^- Anthony Broeckholt. 310, 311 244 Sara van der Spiegel, h. v. Rip van Dam. 312 245 Johannes van der Spiegel. 313,314 246 Arriaentje Gerrits, h. v. Pieter Janszen. 10. Bruff Straet, (Bridge Street). 315,316 247,248 Otto Gerritszen, en syn huysvr. Engeltje Pieters. 317,318 249,250 Jeremias Janszen, en syn huysvr. Catharina Rappailje. 319,320 251 Metje Grevenraedt, wed. van Anthony Janszen. 321 252 Abraham Kip. 322, 323 253, 254 Abraham Janszen, en syn huysv. Tryntje Kip. 324 255 Maria Abrahams. 325, 326 256, 257 M""- Hartman Wessels, en sj^n huysv. Lysbeth Jans Cannon. 327 258 Catharina Alexanders. 328, 329 259, 260 Andries Meyert, en syn huysv. Vrouwtje van Vorst. 330>33i 261,262 Jan der Vail, en syn huysv. Catharina van Cortlant. II. Heeren Gracht, west zyde, ["Main Ditch, west side"]. (Broad Street, west side.) 332 263 Carel Lodewycx. 333 264 Johannes Provoost. 334> 335 265, 266 Brandt Schuyler, en syn huysvr. Cornelia van Cortlant. [7] Name- Member- Number. Number. 33^, 337 267, 268 M^- Hans Kierstede, en syn huysv. Janneken Loockermans. 338 269 Evert Arentszen. 339 270 Isaac Arentszen, 340, 341 271 Maria Bennet, h. v. Jacobus Verhulst, 342, 343 272, 273 Pieter Abrahamsz. van Duursen, en syn h. Hester Webbers. 344 274 Helena Fellaert. 345, 346 275 Harmentje Dircx, h. v. Thomas Koock. 347, 348 276, 277 Dirck ten Eyck, en syn huysv. Aechtje Boelen. 349. 350 278, 279 D""- Johannes Kerfbyl, en syn huysv. Catharina Rug. 351 280 Margareta Hagen. 352, 353 281 Aecht Jans, wed v. Pieter van Naerden. 354 282 Tryntje Pieters. 355> 356 283, 284 Hendrick Jansz. van Feurden, en syn h. Sara Thomas. 357. 358 285, 286 Boele Roelofzen, en syn huysvr. Bayken Arents. 359. 360 287, 288 Cornelis Quick, en syn huysvr. Maria van Hoogten. 361,362 289,290 Theunis de Key, en syn huysvr. Helena van Brug. 363, 364 291 Agnietje Bonen, h. v. Lodewyck Post. 365, 366 292, 293 Gerrit Leydecker en syn huysvr. Neeltje van der Cuyl. 367, 368 294, 295 Hendrick Kermer, en syn huysvr. Annetje Thomas. 369, 370 296, 297 Jan Janszen Moll, en syn huysvr. Engeltje Pieters. 371,372 298,299 Jacob Boelen, en syn huysvr. Catharina Clock. 373. 374 300. 30^ Dirck Franszen, en syn huysvr. Urseltje Schepmoes. 375. 376 302 Lysbeth Jacobzen, wed. van Wybrant Abra- hamszen. 377. 378 303 Magdaleentje Duurstede, h. v. M""- Hermanus Wessels. 379. 380 304, 305 Johannes Kip, en syn huysvr. Catharina Kier- stede. Diaconie 's Huys. (Deacons' House for the Poor in Broad Street.) 381,382 306,307 Willem Jansz. Room, en syn huysv. Marritje Jans. Geertie Jans, w. v. Reyer Stoffelzen. Jannetje Hendricx, h. v. Cregera Golis. Albert Cuynen, en syn huysv. Trjutie Jans. Lysbeth Jacobs, wed. Jacob Mens. [8] 383, 384 308 385, 386 309 387,388 310,311 389, 390 312 Name- Member- Number. Number. 391)392 313 Clara Ebel, h. v. Pieter Ebel.' 393) 394 3M Styntie Paulus, w. v. Paulus Jurxen. 395) 396 315) 316 Isaac van Vleck, en syn huysvr. Catalina de la Noy. Metje Thomas, h. v. Jan Corszen. Rutgert Willemszen, en syn huysv, Gysbertje Mauri ts. Magdaleentje Rutgers, h. v. Joris Walgraef. 397.398 317 399,400 318,319 401,402 320 12. Heerengrncht, oost-zyde. (Broad Street, east side.) 403,404 321,322 Hendrick Arentsz, en syn huysv. Cathan'na Hardenbroeck. 405, 406 323 Anna Thyssen, h. v. Hendrick Romers. 407, 408 324 Marritje Cornelis h. v. Claes Franszen. 409, 410 325 Anna Wallis, w. v. Wolfert Webber. 411,412 326,327 Albertus Ringo, en syn huysv. Jannetje Stoutenburg. 413,414 328,329 Jan de la Montagne, en syn huysv. Annetje Waldrons. 415,416 330 Jannetie van Laer, h. v. Simon Breestede. 417,418 331 Catharina Kregiers, wed. v. Nicasius de Silla. 419, 420 332, 333 Leendert de Kleyn, en syn huysv. Magdalena Wolsum. 421, 422 334 Maria Pieters, h. v. Joris Janszen. 423, 424 335, 336 Huyg Barentszen de Kleyn, en syn h. Mayken Bartels. 425 337 Pieter Stoutenburg. 426, 427 338, 339 Willem Waldron, en syn huysv. Engeltje Stoutenburg. 428, 429 340 Maria Bon, h. v. Jillis Provoost. 430, 431 341 Grietie Jillis, wed. van David Provoost. 432, 433 342 Catharina van der Veen, h. v. Jonathan Pro- voost. 434) 435 343) 344 J^" Willemsz. Neering, en syn h. Catharina de Meyert. 436, 437 345 Gees'e Idens, wed. van Pieter Nys. 438, 439 346, 347 Jacob Mauritszen, en syn huysv. Grietje van der Grift. 440, 441 348, 349 Willem Bogardus, en syn huvsv. Walburg de Silla. 442, 443 350 Kniertje Hendricx, h. v. Claes Lock. 444,445 351 Cornelia Lubberts, wed. v. Johannes de Peys- ter. 'Edition A (Dr. De Witt's of 1841) and its Copy Ai (Valentine's of 1853) give the names of these inhabitants of the Deacons' House at the end of the Heerengracht, west zyde, instead of at this proper place. [9] Name- Member- Number. Number. 446, 447 352, 353 Paulus Schrick, en syn huysv. Maria de Peys- ter. 448, 449 354, 355 Jan Vincent, en syn huysvr. Annetje Jans. 450, 451 356, 357 Arent Isaczen, en syn huysv. Elisabeth Stevens. 13. Hoog Street, ["High Street."] (Stone Street, between Broad and William Sts.) 452, 453 358, 359 Reynier Willemszen, en syn huysv. Susanna Arents. 454 360 Tryntie Reyniers. 455 361 Geertruyd Reyniers. 456, 457 362, 363 Adolph Pietersen de Groef, en syn h. Aefje Dircks. 458 364 Agnietie de Groef. 459 365 Maria de Groef. 460, 461 366, 367 M'". Evert Keteltas, en syn h. Hillegond Joris. 462, 463 368 Anna Hardenbroeck, h. v. John Lillie. 464 369 Johannes Hardenbroeck. 465,466 370,371 Jacob Abrahamszen Santvoort, en^ Magdalena van Vleck. 467, 468 372, 373 Laurens Holt, en syn huj'sv. Hilletje Laurens. 469, 470 374 Janneken van Dyck, h. v. Jan Coeley. 471 375 Lysbeth Coely. 472, 473 376, 377 Barent Coert, en syn huysv. Christina Wessels. 474, 475 378 Geertruyd Barents, wed. v. Jan Hybon. 476, 477 379 Sara Ennes, h. v. Barent Hybon. 478, 479 380, 381 de H""- Nicolaes de Meyert, en syn h. Lidia van Dyck. 480 382 Lysbeth de Meyert. 481, 482 383 Christina Steentjes, h. v. Guiljam d' Honnour. 483, 484 384, 385 Claes Jansz. Stavast, en syn huysv. Aefje Gerrits. 485, 486 386, 387 Evert Wessels, en syn huysv. Jannetje Stavast 487, 488 388, 3S9 Laurens Wessels, en syn huysv. Aeltje Jans. 489, 490 390 Anneken Duycking, h. v. Johannes Hooglant. 491,492 391,392 Franz Goderus, en syn huysv. Rebecca Idens. 493. 494 393. 394 Jan Jansz. van Langendyck, en syn h. Grietje Wessels. 495, 496 395, 396 Jan Harberdinck, en syn huysv. Mayken Barents. 497, 498 397, 398 Gerrit Duycking, en syn huysv. Maria Abeel. 499, 500 399 Christina Cappoens, w. v. David Jochemszcn. 501, 502 400 Anna Tobbelaer, w. v. Elias de Winder. 503, 504 401 Marritje Andrees, w. v. Jan Breestede. 505, 506 402, 403 Hendrick Wesselsz. ten Broeck, en 5311 h. Jannetje Breestede. 507 404 Geertruyd Breestede. *SicI [10] Name- Member- Number. Number. 508, 509 405, 406 de H""- Nicolaes de Bayard, en syn h. Judith Verleth. 510 407 Frangina Hermans. 511,512 408,409 Evert Duycking, en syn huysv. Hendrickje Simons. 513,514 410 Cytie Duycking, h. v. Willem Block. 515.516 411,412 Anthony de Mill, en syn huysv. Elisabeth van der Liphorst. 517 413 Pieter de Mill. 518 414 Sara de Mill. 519,520 415,416 de Heer Abraham de Peyster, en syn h. Catharina de Peyster. 521, 522 417 Jannetje Schouten, h. v. Pieter Stephenszen.' 14. Slyck Straet, ["Mud Street."] (South William Street.) 523,524 418,419 Jan Hendr. van Bommel, en syn h. Annetje Abrahams. 525, 526 420 Geertruyd de Haes, h. v. Jan Kroeck. 527, 528 421 Emmerentje Laurens, wed. van Hendrick Oosterhaven. 529 422 Leendert Oosterhaven. 15. Princen Straet, ["Prince's Street."] (Beaver Street between Broad and William Sts.) 530,531 423,424 Jan Langstraeten, en syn huysv. Marritje Jans. 532, 533 425 Albertje Jans, h. v. Jan Janszen van Quist- hout. 534 426 Susanna Barents. 535. 536 427, 428 Hendrick de Foreest, en syn huysv. Femmetje Flaesbeeck. 537. 538 429, 430 Barent Flaesbeeck, en syn huysv. Marritje Hendricks. 539) 540 431 Susanna Verleth, h. v. M""- Jan de Foreest. 541, 542 432 Metje Pieters, h. v. Jan Pieterszen. 543, 544 433, 434 Nicolaes Janszen, en syn huysv. Janneken Kiersen. 545, 546 435 Annetje Jans, h. v. William Moore. 547, 548 436, 437 Ambrosius de Waran, en syn huysv. Adriaentje Thomas. 549, 550 438 Susanna de Negrin,^ h. v. Thomas de Moor.' *Not in Wilson at all. 'The Negress. •The Moor. [11] Name- Member- Number. Number. 1 6. Koninck Straet, ["King Street."] 55 1 > 552 439 Elsje Borger, h. v. Jan Sipkens. 553> 554 44O) 441 Cornells Pluvier, en syn huysv. Neeltje van Couwenhoven, 555> 556 442, 443 Frederick Hendrickszen, en syn huysv. Styntjc Jans. 557> 558 444 Geesje Schuurmans, wed. v. Bruyn Hage. 559 445 Lysbeth Schuurmans. 560, 561 446, 447 Jacob Franszen, en syn huysv. Magdalena Jacobs. 17. Smit Straet, ["Smith Street."] (JVilliam Street, below Wall Street.) 562, 563 448 Cornelia Roos, w. v. Elias Provoost. 564, 565 449, 450 Jan Vinge, en syn huysv. Wiesken Huypkens. 566,567 451,452 Assuerus Hendricks, en syn huysv. Neeltje Jans. 568, 569 453 Hester Pluvier, h. v. Thymon Franszen. 570)571 454.455 J^n Meyert, en syn huysv. Anna van Vorst. 572, 573 456, 457 Pieter Janszen, en syn huysv. Lysbeth Frans van Hoogten. 574t 575 458, 459 Jan Janszen van Flensburg, en h. Willemtie de Kleyn, 576, 577 460 Francyntje Stultheer, h. v. Jan Wesselszen.' 578, 579 461, 462 Laurens Hendrickszen, en syn huysv, Marritje Jans. 580, 581 463, 464 Hendrick van Dorsum, en syn h. Marritje Cornelis. 582 465 Jannetje Cornelis, h. v. .* 583, 584 466, 467 Thymon van Boisum, en syn huysv. Grietje Focken. 585 468 Wyd Timmer. 586. 587 469 Geertie Langendyck, w. v. Dirck Dye. 588, 589 470 Jannetje Dye, h. v. Frans Cornelisen. 590> 591 471)472 Jan Pietersen Bosch, en syn h. Jannetje Barents. 592, 593 473 Jannetje Frans, h. v. Wiljam Buyell. 594) 595 474) 475 David Provoost, en syn huysv. Tryntje Lau- rens. 596, 597 476 Tryntje Reyniers, w. v. Meynardt Barentzen 598, 599 477 Marritje Pieterszen, h. v. Jan Pieterszen. ^ Not in Wilson at all. [12] ' Name of husband omitted in original manuscript. Name- Member- Number. Number. a. *'s Smits Vallye, ["Smith's Valley."] (The East River Shore above Wall Street, Maiden Lane.) 600, 601 478 Lysbeth Lubberts, wed. v. Dirck Fluyt. 602 479 Jan Janszen van Langedyck. 603 480 Pieter Janszen van Langedyck. 604,605 481,482 Herman Janszen, en syn huysv. Brechtie Elswaert. 606, 607 483 Tryntie Hadders, h. v. Albert Wantenaer. 608, 609 484 Hilletje Pieters, wed. v. Corn. Clopper. 610 485 Johannes Clopper. 611,612 486 Margareta Vermeulen, w. v. Hendr. van de Water. 613 487 Adriaentie van de Water. 614,615 488,489 Abraham Moll, en syn huysv. Jacomyntie van Dartelbeeck. 616,617 490 Tytie Liphens, w. v. Jan Roelofszen. 618,619 491,492 Wilhelmus de Meyert, en syn h. Catharina Bayard. 620, 621 493, 494 Jacob Swart, en syn huysv. Teuntje Jacobs. * All the following places where outside the City Walls. 622, 623 495 Sara Joosten h. v. Isaac de Mill. 624, 625 496, 497 Dirck van de Clyff, en syn huysv. Geesje Hendricks. 626, 627 498 Styntje Jans, h. v. Joost Carelszen. 628, 629 499, 500 Willem Hellaecken, en syn huysv. Tryntie Boelen. 630,631 501 Anna Maria Engelbert, h. v. Clement Els- waert. 632, 633 502, 503 Wilhelmus Beeckman, en syn h. Catharina de Boog. 634, 635 504, 505 Johannes Beeckman, en syn h. Aeltje Thomas. b. Buyten de Landtpoort, ["Beyond the Country-gate."] (Broadway, above Wall Street.) 636, 637 506 Anneken Schouten, h. v. Theunis Dey. c. Over 't Versch Water, ["Beyond the Fresh Water."] (The old pond at Kalck-hoek, or The Collect.) 638, 639 507, 508 Wolfert Webber, en syn huysv. Geertruyd Hassing. 640, 641 509 Neeltje Cornelis, h. v. Hendrick Corneliszen. 642,643 510,511 Arie Corneliszen, en syn h. Rebecca Idens. 644,645 512,513 Frangiscus Bastiaensz. en syn h. Barbara Emanuels.^ ' These were Negroes. [13] Name- Member- Number. Number, 646,647 514)515 Salomon Pieters, en syn h. Marritie Anthony. 648,649 516,517 Anthony Sarley, en syn huysv. Josyntie Thomas. 650, 651 518, 519 Frangois van der Koeck, en syn h. Wyntie de Vries. 652, 653 520, 521 Daniel de Clerck, en syn huysv. Grietie Cozyns. 654! 655 522, 523 Cozyn Gerritszen, en syn huysv. Vrouwtje Gerrits. 656, 657 524, 525 Jan Thomaszen, en syn huysv. Appolonia Cornells. 658, 659 526, 527 Pieter Janszen, en syn huysv. Marritje Jacobs. 660, 661 528, 529 Jacob Kip, en syn huysvr. Maria de la Mon- tagne. 662 530 Maria Kip. 663,664 531 Juffr. Judith Isendoorn, w. v. den H'' Petrus Stuyvensant.' 665, 666 532, 533 Nicolaes Willem Stuyvesant, en h. Lysbeth Slichtenhorst. 667, 668 534 Marritie Jacobs, h. v. Gys Servaes. 669 535 Abraham van de Woestyne. 670 536 Catalyntie van de Woestyne. 671, 672 537 Ibel Bloottgoet, h. v. Ide Ariaenszen. 673, 674 538, 539 Pieter Jacobszen, en syn h. Belitie Ariens. 675, 676 540, 541 Jan de Groot, en syn huysv. Margrietie Gerrits. 677, 678 542, 543 Jacob de Groot, en syn huysv. Grietie Jans. 679, 680 544, 545 Jillis Mandevil, en syn huysv. Elsje Hendricx. 681 546 Grietje Mandevil. 682, 683 547, 548 Egbert Fockenszen, en syn huysv. Elsje Lucas. 684, 685 549, 550 Johannes Thomaszen, en syn h. Aefje Jacobs. 686,687 551, 552 Johannes van Couwenhoven, en h. Sara Frans. d. Jen de Grote Kil, ["By the Great Kill."] 688, 689 553, 554 Conradus van Beeck, en syn h. Elsje Jans. 690 555 Claes Emanuels. \ 2 691 556 Jan de Vries. \ "^^^'■^• c. Boschwyck, [Bushwick.]* 692, 693 557 Lysbeth Jans, h. v. Joost Kockuyt.' * Do Selyns spells his name Stuyrensant, Stuyvesant and in the Banns Stuyvsant (Stuyvsants Bou- werye). ° Negroes. ' Omitted in Wilson. [14] Name- Member- Number. Number. f. Armc Bouwerye, ["Poor Farm."]* (Steinway, L. I.) 694, 695 558, 559 696, 697 560 698 699, 700 701, 702 703, 704 561 562 563 564, 565 Arnout Webber, en syn h. Janneken Cornells. Margariet Meyrinck, h. v. Hendrick Marten- sen. Abraham Rycking. Wyntie Theunis, wed. van Herck Tiebout. Annetje Claes, h. v. Theunis Corneliszen. M'- Daniel Mortenauw, en h. Theuntie Vermeere. 705, 706 g. Nieuw Thuyn, {Newtown.Y 566 Catharina Jans, h. v. Stoffel Gerritszen van Laer.^ SECTION II. 'This "Poor Farm" was given to the Collegiate Church by Deacon Jeurian Fradell about 1651. It con- tained about 140 ac-res, together with three of the neighljoring islands in the East River. It was still in possession of the church in 1686, as this item proves. It lay between Flushing Bay and Astoria, and is now covered by Steinway. The locality was known as the "Poor Bowery" until after 1850. The name still persists in "Bowery Bay" near by. For map and further particulars, see Riker's Newtown, 21-23, 35- 37, 73-. ^ Omitted in Wilson. Seal of New York 1787 [15] , SECTION 11. LIST OF THE NUMBER OF MINOR CHILDREN OF THE MEMBERS of the DUTCH REFORMED CHURCH IN NEW YORK IN 1686, Arranged According to the Streets of the City, By Dom. Henricus Selyns, in 1686. Kinderen der voorschr(even) ledematen, die minderjarig en geen ledematen zyn.* The Names of the Streets.^ I. The Original Dutch. II. The English Translation. III. The Mod- The No. o, em Equivalents. Children 1. Op de Brede weg.-On Broadway Broadway loi 2. Op de Beurs-straet. . On Exchange Street. ... Whitehall Street.... ii 3. Op Paerl-straet On Pearl Street Pearl St. bet. State and Whitehall Sts. 5s 4. Langs Strant .Along the shore North side of Pearl St. and Hanover Sq. to Wall St. %% S.Langs de Wal Along the wall South side of Wall St 26 6. Op dt Nieuw-straet. On New Street New Street 28 7. Op de Beverstraet. . On Beaver Street Beaver St. bet. Broadway and 8. Op de Markvelt- Broad St 23 straet On Marketfield Street . .Marketfield Street... 13 9. Op de Brouwers straet On Brewer's Street Stone St. bet . White- hall & Broad. .25(35) 10. Op de Brug straet.. On Bridge Street Bridge Street 19 11. Op de Heerengracht, west zyde On the Main Ditch, west side Broad Street, west 12. Op de Heerengracht, side 73 oost zyde On the Main Ditch, east side Broad Street, east 13. Op Hoog straet side 4.1 On High Street Stone St. bet. Broad 14. Op Zlvck straet and William Sts. 72 On Mud Street South William Street 5 * Children of the previously writ- ten members, who are under-age and not members. 'Column II and III are added. [16] SECTION II— Continued The Names of the Streets I. The Original Dutch. 15. Op Prince straet.... 16. Op the Koning straet 17. Op de Smits straet. In de Smits Valley. . Buyten de landt- poort Over °t Versch Water Op the buytenplaat- sen II. The English III. The Mod- The No. of Translation. em Equivalents. Children On Prince Street Beaver St. bet. Broad and Wil- liam Sts.* 23 On King Street Pine Street 14 On Smith Street William St. below Wall St. ........ 42 In Smith's Valley The East River Shore above Wall Beyond the Country- St 44 gate Broadway above Wall Street 2 Beyond the Fresh- Water In places around the city Total 698 (708) ' End of a page in the origi- nal MS. There is written: "facit van kin- deren": 606 (altogether 606 chil- dren). This number can not be reached unless the number of chil- dren in "Brouwer straet" be 35. But in the manuscript this number seems to have been changed. It reads now clearly 25. The number of children at the end of the page in the manuscript should therefore be 596 instead of 606, and the total 698 instead of 708. The original manuscript does not give the total. SECTION III. Seal of New Yoik 1787 [17] SECTION III. MARRIAGE ENTRIES of the DUTCH REFORMED CHURCH at New York, FROM JUNE 14, 1686, to APRIL 23, 1687. (Banns read.) 1686. den 14 Junl (June 14). Voor de derdcmale (For the third time). Zeger Corn, van Egmont, j. m.' van (from) N. Albanien, en Femmetje Laurens Zluys, j. d. van (from) N. Yorck. Beyde wonende Alhier." Simon van Breedstede, j. m. van (from) N. Yorke, Janneken van Laer, j. d. als voren.' Beyde wonende Alhier. Johannes Hardenbroeck, j. m. van (from) Amsterd(am). Sara van Laer, j. d. van (from) N. Yorke. Beyde wonende alhier. Hermen Douwensz. Taelman, j. m. van (from) Amsterdam, en Grietie Minnens, j. d. van (from) N. Amersfort. d'Eerste wonende op Tappan, en tweede op Haverstroo. (The one living at Tappan, the other at Haverstroo.) 1686. June 14. Voor de Eerste male (For the first time). Simon Claeszen, j. m. van (from) Oosthuysen, en Tryntie Gerrits, j. d. van (from) Kyckuyt, beyde wonende alhier. den 20 Juni (June 20). Voor de twedemale (For the second time). Simon Claeszen, j. m. van (from) Oosthuysen, en Tryntie Gerrits, j. d. van (from) Kyckuyt, beyde wonende tot (at) N, Yorke. den 27 Jun. (Jun. 27). Voor de derdemale (For the third time). Simon Claeszen, j. m. van (from) Oosthuysen, en Tr5'ntie Gerrits, j. d. van (from) Kyckuyt. 'J. m. = jong man = young man rnr bachelor. j. d. ■=: jonge dochter = young daughter. ^ Both living here. * As above. [18] Voor de Eerstemale (For the first time). Isaac Arentszen, j. m. v. (from) N, Albanien, en Anna Populaer, w®.^ v. Ellas de Windel. alle wonende alhier. 1686. July 4. Voor de twedemale (For the second time). Isaac Arentszen, j. m. van (from) N. Alb(anien). Anna Populaer, wed^, van Elias de Windel. den II Jul. (July 11). Voor de derdemale (For the third time). Isaac Arentszen, j. m. v. (from) N. Albanien, Anna Populaer, wed. v. Elias Windel. beyde wonende alhier. Voor de Eerstemale (For the first time). Jan Dircxen, j. m, v. (from) N, Yorke, en Catalina Cloppers, j. d. als boven, beyde wonende alhier. Barent Liewits, j. m. van (from) N. Yorke, Johanna van der Poel, j. d. van (from) Renselaerswyck. den 18 Jul. (July 18). Voor de twedemale. Jan Dircxen, j. m. van N. York, Catalina Cloppers, j. d. als boven. beyde wonende alhier. Barent Liewents, j. m. v. (from) N. Yorke, Johanna van der Poel, j. d. v. (from) Renselaerswyck. 1686. July 18. Voor de Eerstemale (For the first time). Jan Eewetsen, j. m. van de (from the) Beets, en Lysbeth Pluviers, j. d. van (from) N. Yorke. den 25 Jul. (July 25). Voor de derdemale (For the third time). Jan Dircxen, j. m. van (from) N, Yorke, en Catalina Cloppers, j. d. als boven, beyde woonende alhier. ' we. V. (wed. e v.) =: wednwe van = widow of. [19I Barent Liewents, j. m. van (from) N. Yorke, en Johanna van der Poel, j. d. van (from) Renselaerswyck, d'Eerste woonende alhier, en twede op Rensl. (The one living here, the other at Renselaerswyck.) Voor de Twedenmale (For the second time). Jan Eewetsen, j. m. van de (from the) Beets, en Lysbeth Pluviers, j. d. van N. Yorke. beyde woonende alhier. En voor de Eerstemale (For the first time). Simon Corniel, w^.' van Claesje petit Mangin, en Theuntje Walings, wed^. van Corn. Jacobszen. beyde woonende alhier. [21 (?)-3 Sept.r III. Evert Arentszen, j. m. N. Yorck. Johanna van Spyck, j. d. Middleburg. beyde wonende alhier. [Sept.]' Avontmael. (Holy Communion.) [lo Sept.-(?)] III. Aert Theunissen Lanen, j. m. van (from) N. Uytrecht, en Neeltje Jans van Thuyl, j. d. van (from) N. Yorke. d'Eerste wonende op n. Uytrecht en twede alhier. (The one living at New Utrecht, the other here.) [11-29 Sept.] III. Pieter Janszen Bogaert, j. m. van (from) Leerdam, en Fytie Thyssen, j. d. van N. Albanien. d'Eerste wonende op N. Haerlem, en twede op Stuyvsants bouwerye. (The one living at N. Haerlem, the other at Stuy vesant's Bowery. ) [19 Sept. — 13 Oct.] III. Barent Janszen, j. m. v. (from) Midwout, en Marritje Brouwers, wed^. van Jacob Pieterszen, bevde wonende alhier. 1686. III. [2-20 Oct.] Henricus Selyns, wed"" van Machteld Specht, en Margareta de Riemer, wed'^ van den H"" Cornelis Steenwyck. bevde wonende alhier. * wr. = weduwnaer = widower. ' From here on the MS. gives no dates. The number of the Banns are in- dicated, however: I, II or III. The official Church Records give the date of the Registration and of the Marriage; the dates of the publi- cation of the Banns must fall be- tween those dates. They are there- fore given here. ° This shows again Do Selyns' use of the Notebook on the pulpit. [20] [2-20 Oct.] III. Isaac Kip, j. m., en Sara de Mill, j. d. beyde gebooren en wonende alhier. (Both born and living here.) [i6 Oct. — 19 Nov.] I. Willem Teller de Jonge, j. m. van (from) N. Albanien, en Rachel Kierstede, j. d. van (from) N. Yorcke. beyde wonende alhier. [26 Nov. — 15 Dec] III. Willem Willemszen Bennet, j. m. vande Gujanen (from Gowanus, en Ariaentje van de Water, j, d. van (from) N. Yorke. d'Eerste wonende op Gujanen en twede alhier. (The one living at Gowanus, the other here.) 1687. [26 Mar.— ?] III. Revnier van Zicklen, en Janneken van Houw. d'Eerste wonende op N. Amersfoort, en twede alhier. (The one living at N. Amersfoort, the other here.) [31 Mar.— ?] III. Jan Strycker, laest wed"" van (late widower of) Swaentie Jans, en Theuntie Theunis, laest wed^ van (late widow of) Jacob Hellacken. d'Eerste wonende tot Midwout en twede alhier. (The one living at Midwout, the other here.) 1687. [15 Apr. — II May.] III. Laurens Thomaszen, j. m. v. (from) N. York, en Catharina Lievens, j. d. als boven. beyde wonende alhier. [15 Apr. — II May.] III. Jacob Corneliszen, j. m. van (from) Vlissingen, en Aeltje Fredericx, j. d. van (from) N. Yorck. beyde wonende alhier. [23 Apr. — II May.] Jan Meet, j. m. van (from) Oudt Amersfoort in "t Sticht van Utrecht (old Amersfoort in the Province of Utrecht, Netherlands) en Grietie Mandevil, j. d. van (from) N. Amersfoort of °t Lange Eylt. (N. Amersfoort on Long Island.) beyde wonende alhier. [21] A RELIC OF THE NORTH DUTCH CHURCH The above is a facsimile of the plate, nine inches square, which was found under the pillar supporting the gallery nearest the pulpit. The church was erected in 1769 and was especially built for English preaching; the failure to have the services conducted in the English tongue having previously led to the withdrawal of individuals and families to the Episco- pal Church, in the communion of which will still be found some of the early and timehonored Dutch names. The plate, therefore, is interesting on ac- count of its local associations, but its historical importance is enhanced by the fact that it is a memorial of the great transition which the community made from the tongue of Grotius and William the Silent to that of Milton and Hooker. SECTION IV. [22] SECTION IV. HISTORICAL NOTES ABOUT THE CITY OF NEW YORK, FROM I dog TO 1792, By Garret Abeel, 179 1-2. Table of Contents of Section IV. PAGE I. Miscellaneous Items: — Building of the church in the fort, 1642. Building of the fort, 1623. The houses in the fort; burned 1741. Un- successful attempt to save the stamp paper in the fort, 1765; final dismantling of the fort, 1791 ; vaults under the fort; location of first fort; of sec- ond fort 25 Houses built first under the walls of the fort; then at lower end of Pearl Street. A canal on Broad Street. Wall across the island. The Fresh Water Pond. Windmills. Indian trade in the city 27 Hudson's discovery; abundance of fruit, fish, game; intercourse with the natives; New York Bay; Indians on Manhattan, hostile; those on the west shore of the river, friendly; voyage up the river; extract from Hudson's journal; his return to Europe; fur trade begun at Fort Orange. Other forts 28 Fort and town on York Island, 1612; slow set- tlement under West India Company; Land given to servants of the Company. Coming in of New Englanders 33 Connecticut River lost to the Dutch; English claims to Long Island 34 2. Items about the Alms House, etc., in New York; number of inmates; cost; statistics 35 3. Items [23] PAGE 3. Items about the incorporation of churches; the Dutch Church; the Anglican Church; Pres- byterian Church; the Baptist Church 36 4. Items about the Dutch Church Buildings; the church in the fort, 1642; description of the Garden Street Church, 1693 ; customs as to church collections; description of the New Church on Nassau Street, 1729; the North Church, 1769; pewter plate giving dates connected with the building of this church, put under one of the pil- lars by Garret Abeel, the writer of these Articles.^ Call of Domine Laidlie. North Church used as a prison in the Revolution 37 5. Items about church buildings of other De- nominations: (i) Trinity Church and its chapels 39 (2) Presbyterian Churches 39 (3) Scotch Presbyterian Church 39 (4) Baptist Church 39 (5) Lutheran Churches 39 (6) Methodist Churches 39 (7) An Independent Congregation 39 (8) German Calvinists 39 (9) The Jews 40 (10) The Roman Catholics 40 6. Items about the Jail and Court House 40 7. Items about the Bridewell or House of Cor- rection; the Poor House; the Hospital 41 8. Items about manufactories 41 9. The City Library 42 10. The Government House 42 11. Columbia College and the Regents of the University 43 12. Historical Account of New York; Hudson's discovery; his sad fate. Fort Orange. Forts on Manhattan. The King's Garden. Trinity Church. The ^ It was the discovery of this plate in 1875, at the taking down of the North Church, which, for the first time identified Garret Abeel as the writer. See page 22 of this volume. [24] PAGE The West India Company; bounds of New Neth- erland. Fort Amsterdam. The Church in the fort. Residences in the fort. Equipment of the fort. Burning of the fort and its buildings 43 Mob resisting the deposition of the stamp paper in the fort in 1765; burning of the Governor's coach, etc. ; delivery of the stamp paper to the Common Council; dismantling of the fort, 1791 ; its stones used in building the Government House. Coffin of Lady Bellomont found. Different names of the fort 45 Reasons why so few Hollanders came to New York. Population at different periods; the first streets 48 Number of vessels trading at New York, from 1678 to 17^0. Militia at several periods. Ex- ports and imports at several periods 49 Fortifications at different periods; peculiar methods of taxation, 1703, to raise money for bat- teries; built in several places; number of cannon, etc. Removal of cannon from the city in 1776. . . 51 Census at»dififerent periods 53 Story of the several markets 54 Description of the site of the city. The wharves. The streets. The government 56 Prices of meat, of fish, of oysters ; of vegetables. Indescribable plenty of everything 59 I. Miscellaneous Items. "By a stone found under the ruins of the first church the Dutch had in Fort Amsterdam on the Island of Manhattan, now New York City, then New Amster- dam, (it was learned) that it was built in 1642, William Kieft being Director-General." "After the Dutch had got permission of the natives to build a Fort on the Island of New York, in the year 1623, they built it in the form of a regular square with four [25] four Bastions, on a point of land at the entrance of the North and East Rivers, where now the Government House is built. At different periods this fort has been strengthened by making the wall of stone thicker, with first one and then another wall outside of the first wall. The Dutch Director-General and the Commander, be- sides the other officers, had houses within the fort, and in 1642 a church was built in the southeast corner. This church and (the) houses were burnt down in 1 741. It had the secretaries office over the gate. The church was not rebuilt again, but the houses and bar- racks were; and the Governor's house was burnt again in and rebuilt again in and again burnt down in , after which it was not rebuilt."^ 'Tn 1765 Governor Golden, who then resided in the fort, intending to receive into the same and to protect the stamp papers expected hourly from England, took into the fort Major James, and by his directions he had the ramparts of the fort prepared for defence or offence against the inhabitants by the forming of embrasures of cord-wood and dirt and by placing cannon in the same in the year 1765. When the houses in the fort were burned down and the troops were removed out of the same, the inhabi- tants dismantled the fort, and pulled down to the ground the north curtain which faced the Broadway. In 1790 and 1791 the fort was entirely demolished and the stones sold or made use of towards building the Government House. The ground was all leveled so that no trace remains of the old fort or where it stood. When they were removing the ruins of the old church or chapel, several vaults were discovered. In one of them were found the remains of the body of the lady of Lord Bellamont in a leaden coffin." "The first fort was built back of the old Lutheran Church, or rather a little lower down. As the ground round about the fort was improved as a Garden be- longing to the States-General, the second fort was built at the point of land." "After « ^ On the opposite page to this account appears the followinfj: "N. B. — The account of the Fort is not of the first but second fortifica- tion as I found out afterwards." [26] "After this fort was built by the Dutch the persons who came over from Holland to settle in America for the purpose of trading with the natives for furs, etc., and who could not reside in the fort, built houses under the walls of the fort, and formed the first street, which they called Pearl Street. From time to time as they grew in numbers and formed friendly intercourse with the natives, they increased the extent of the city, which must have contained a number of houses and streets in 1686, as appears by this book" (of Domine Selyns). "We are informed that the Dutch in imitation of what is done in Holland, built dykes in Broad Street nearly as far as the City Hall. The posts were found standing about ten or twelve feet from the houses on each side of the way not long ago when the street was new paved." "This city was enclosed with a wall or palisades about the year 16 — (1653) from the North River near Trinity Church along Wall Street to the East River." 1744. "It had palisades with block houses surround- ing it from river to river — from near the air furnace to the ship-yards," "at the edge of what was called the Meadows, on the west side. Not long before this, the water out of the Fresh Water or "Kollock," ran down to both rivers; to the North River by a ditch, and (to) the East River by a small rivulet, which with rains increased so wide as to require a log to be laid across to walk over. On the hill near the run was a windmill. Some years before this there was a windmill between what is called Crown Street" (now Fulton west of Broadway) "and Cortland Street. Here it was that not forty years ago, Indians, still residing in the lower parts of this State, at particular seasons of the year came to the city, and took up their residence near these mills until they had disposed of their peltry, brooms, shovels, trays and baskets. I have seen wheat growing in 1746 where now St. Paul's Church is built. Then there were not twenty houses from Division (Fulton?) Street to Fresh Water." "I have seen in 1744 and afterwards several Indian canoes, one after another, come down the East and North [27] North Rivers and land their cargoes in the basins near the Long Bridge, and take up their residence in the yard and storehouse of Adolph Philips. There they generally made up their baskets and brooms as they could better bring the rough material with them than the ready-made brooms and baskets. They brought with them, if they came from Long Island, quantities of dried clams strung on sea grass straw, which they sold or kept for their own provisions, besides the flesh of the animals they killed in hunt." "Clams and oysters and fish must have formed the principal food, together with squashes and pompkins, of the natives of the lower part of the State; those who resided in the upper part, besides the fish in the rivers, water wild-fowl and animals of different kinds, Indian corn, squashes and pompkins. At particular times in the spring and fall (they) were visited with such amaz- ing flights of wild pigeons that the sun was hid by their flocks from shining on the earth for a considerable time. Then it was that the natives laid in great store of them against a day of need, by killing them and dry- ing them in the sun or smoking them over a fire, and afterwards packing them up in casks made of old hol- low trees. The method they took to kill them was only to go among the trees where they roosted at night and beat them down with poles." "Curious is the account given of this country by Hudson in his Journal when in 1609, he discovered the same. I have only extracts from it as published by Hartgers in 1642 in Dutch." "In the year 1609, April 6th (O. S.), Captain Henry Hudson, an experienced English pilot, but in the serv- ice of the East India Company of the United States of Holland, left the Texel in a vessel called the Half Moon, navigated by twenty men, Dutch and English. He doubled the Cape of Norway and made toward Nova Sembla, but being impeded by the great cold and the ice, he formed a resolution of visiting the coast of America towards Virginia. July 8th, they arrived on the coast in the latitude 44 degrees, and were obliged to make a harbor in order to get a new foremast, having lost [28] lost their old (one). They found a good one, and the natives were kind and willing to trade with them for different kinds of furs upon the most profitable terms. They found here also the greatest quantity of cod-fish. Hudson's men not using the natives well, but taking their effects from them without paying for them, a quarrel ensued, and Hudson was obliged to put to sea. And made land again on August 3d, on latitude 42 de- grees. Coasting along from Cape Cod westward, they arrived at Sandy Hook, latitude 40 degrees, 30 minutes, September 12th, 1609. Finding a good entrance and harbor, they came to anchor behind the Hook; sent their boat to what is called Coney Island, lying near Long Island. This island they found to be chiefly a sort of white sand, such as is uncommon to them. Still, on this island, they found a vast number of red plum trees, loaded with fruit, and many of them surrounded and covered with grape vines of different kinds of grapes. There was the greatest plenty of snipe and other birds among the flowers and in the trees. While the ship lay at anchor the natives came on board from the Jersey shore, and traded very fair, giving in ex- change for trifles, furs and skins of foxes and martens and other (animals). They brought also birds, fruit and white and blue grapes. What was remarkable, they had on their wrists and feet copper rings. "^ "Hudson discovering that the bay was the mouth of an extensive river, weighed anchor and taking his course N. E. with his boat ahead to sound, proceeded up (the river). The boat on turning the point of the Narrows met unexpectedly with several canoes of In- dians, who, being surprised and frightened, shot at the people in the boat, and killed one of them, named John Coleman, and then made off as fast as they could with- out being molested by the boat's crew. It was ex- pected that this first instance of hostility would have broke off all intercourse with the natives, but the next day numbers of them came on board, and traded as freely as if nothing had happened." "After the vessel had passed the Narrows they found a very fine bay, and in the bay at that time five islands; the 'See footnote on page 31. [29] the one they called Nutten Island on account of the great quantity of nut trees growing on the same; the other four islands lay near the west shore, and were not so large. (N. B. — Only two of these islands are now remaining, but the rocks where the others lay are to be seen at low water.)" ''On the point of land where New York is built, they found living a very hostile people who would not deal or trade with them; but those who lived on the west- ern shore, from the Kills upward, came daily on board the vessel while she lay at anchor in the river, bringing with them, to barter, furs and skins of different kinds, and the largest and finest oysters they had ever beheld; also Indian corn, beans, pumpkins, squashes and grapes, and some apples which they exchanged for trifles." "Hudson proceeded with his boat up the North River, by them called the Great River Montan(us), and since then, Hudson's River. As he went up he found all the way the natives on the west shore more affable and friendly than those on the eastern shore. He discovered that on one side of the river the natives were at war with those on the other side. He pro- ceeded up without molestation as far as he judged he could go with his ship, and then took to his boat to ex- plore the river higher up. In his journal he gives the following account of his reception at a landing in lati- tude 42 degrees, 15 minutes." (Hudson.) "I went on shore (he says) in one of their canoes, with an old man who was chief of forty men and women, whom I found in a house made of the bark of trees. The house was exceeding smooth and well fin- ished within all around about. I found there a great quantity of Indian corn and beans. Indeed, there lay to dry near the house of those articles as much as would load three ships, beside what was still agrowing on the fields. When we came to the house two mats were spread to sit on. Immediately eatables were brought to us in red wooden bowls, well made, and two men were sent off with their bows and arrows to kill wild fowl. They soon returned with two pigeons. They also killed immediately a fat dog, and in a very little time [30] time skinned it with shells they got out of the water. They expected I would have remained with them through the night, but this I did not care to do, and therefore went on board the ship again. It is the finest land for tilling my feet ever trod upon. There are also all sorts of trees, fit for building vessels, etc. The natives were exceeding kind and good tempered ; for when they saw that I was making ready to return to the ship, and would not stay with them, judging it proceeded out of fear for their bows and arrows, they took them and broke them to pieces and threw them into the fire. He found growing here also grapes, plums, pumpkins and other fruit." "The following account from his Journal giving an account of his entering the Hook-"^ "He says, upon my going on shore, after coming to anchor in the bay within the Hook, I found the natives standing along the shore and singing according to their manner. Their clothing was the skins of elks, foxes and other animals, dressed by them. Their food I found to be Turkey corn, Indian corn or maize, of which they bake cakes that are well tasted and good to eat. They came often on board the vessel after this in their canoes made of a yellow wood. Their arms I found to be bows and arrows with sharp stones at the end, fastened with pitch. Those I saw on shore had no houses, but slept in the open air; some on mats of straw sewed together; some on the leaves of the trees. They brought all their goods with them, especially food and wild tobacco, which is strong in taste, and good to chew. They appeared to be a friendly people, but are much inclined to steal and very cunning in carrying away anything they take a liking to." "It is remarkable that wMierever mankind have been found in a state of nature, this evil disposition of steal- ing from strangers has always been found natural to them."^ "Hudson while with the Indians on shore, where Albany is now built, was very kindly treated by them, and got in exchange from (them) very valuable furs for ' Abeel meant to insert these entries between those on p. 29. [31] for trifles. He was invited by signs to come and settle in the country, which they showed was at their service. In turning down the river, when they had gotten in or through the highlands, the Indians in their canoes be- ing round about the ship, one of them climbed up by the stern rope ladder to the window, and took from thence sundry articles. Being seen by the mate, he shot at and killed him. After this all the Indian canoes hast- ened to the shore, nor could any of them be persuaded to come on board afterwards. The alarm had ex- tended quite down to the Jersey shore, which put an end to their former friendly intercourse, and obliged Hudson to put to sea, October 4th, 1609." "He arrived safely in Dartmouth, England, Novem- ber 7th, 1609. From there he wrote to the Dutch West India Company who had employed him, and transmitted his journal and the account of his discov- eries to them. In consequence of which the Company sent a ship to Hudson's River for trade in 1610. The captain, no doubt from the account given by Hudson of the hostile disposition of the natives residing along the lower part of the river, and the friendly disposition of those residing near where Albany is built, and also on account of the greater quantity of furs to be obtained there, were induced to fix their first trading place there, and in 1614 they obtained permission of the na- tives to build a small fort on an island lying a little below Albany on the west side. It was a redoubt with a ditch around it t8 feet wide." "It had t^vo brass guns and eleven iron ones mounted and was defended by twelve soldiers. The officer that commanded it was Hendrick Christianz; his lieuten- ant, Jacques Elckins. The nation of Indians who re- sided near there were called Mohocks, and those on the east side of the river Mahicanders (Mohegans). The advantage derived by the Mohawks from their trade with the Dutch, induced all the other nations to allow them a free trade; so that, desirous to secure them to themselves, they sent orders in 1623 to build forts near the limits of their possessions. They ac- cordingly built Fort Good Hope on the Connecticut River 35 miles (from its mouth where Hartford) now stands; [32] stands; Fort Nassau on the east side of Delaware Bay; Fort New Amsterdam on the island Manhatans, now New York; and Fort Orange where Albany is built." *'In 1612 they already had a town and fort on York Island. This was only a redoubt, built somewhere near where McComb's new houses are." "This State when under the jurisdiction of the Dutch West India Company did not prosper as fast as the goodness of the soil and the advantages in trade, one would have thought it would have done. Few emi- grants left Holland for these parts, except those who came in a military capacity, or as merchants, or factors under the Company, or civil officers of government. It was the custom of the Company to grant lands to those who have served out the time they had contracted for with the Company, or to let out farms. Hence Bergen, Gamonapa (Communipaw) were settled by disbanded soldiers. Bergen was settled in 1660 and it is remarkable that the inhabitants of those places re- tain their ancient manners of living, customs, and the disposition of soldiers, especially the old men still liv- ing; and their descendants seem most of them to follow their steps. At length in (1660) the town of Bushwick on Long Island was begun and in 1662 it contained twenty-five houses." "At this time the small towns in the state were sur- rounded by palisades to prevent surprise by the In- dians, and few persons were settled at a distance from those towns or fortifications. Hence the people of Connecticut were emboldened to settle in the neighbor- hood of Fort Good Hope, near Hartford, and at length grew so numerous and insolent as to quarrel with and dispossess several of the Dutch farmers. See same account further back." "Some time after the Fort Good Hope was built, an English bark landed people in the River, (near Hart- ford) against which Jacob Van Curler, commissary for the Company, protested. A year or two after, a number of families came and settled near the fort, and took possession of the River, and in 1640 they en- croached upon and took possession of the lands claimed by the Company even near the fort. They regarded no [33J no protests but went so far as to beat off the Company's people with clubs and sticks, and threw their plows and other farming utensils into the river; pounded the cattle of some of the Dutch farmers and sold some of them." "Numbers of protests were made against such pro- ceedings and several letters were written to the English Government upon that head; but they having found the goodness and value of those lands and got posses- sion, laughed at the Dutch and their claims in writ- ing." (1) ''Hartgers observes that the New England people, in answer to the Dutch, made use of many evasions, circumstances, and made up many pretences with plausible arguments, to establish their right, and set aside that of the Dutch Governor. Stuyvesant had several contests in writing about their encroachments. They grew so numerous and daring as at length to take possession and settle on Long Island; for in (1664) they erected the British colors there, and told the in- habitants that they knew of no New Netherland; that all this country belonged to the English, but that they were willing to enter into a treaty. That the right"^ "In 1640, the Director-General, William Kieft, hav- ing command, there came to him a Scotchman with an English commission and laid a claim to Long Island, which was rejected ; and he went off again without doing anything, except setting up the common people against the Dutch Government. Those living at Oyster Bay, mostly English, began a mutiny, but were soon quelled by Kieft." 1647. There came over a Scotchman, called Cap- tain Forrester, and claimed Long Island for the Dutchess Dowager Sterling, pretending to be her Gov- ernor. He had a commission dated in the i8th vear of the reign of King James, (1621), which yet was not signed by the King or anyone else. This man was very proud and haughty and demanded a sight of Gov- ernor Stuyvesant's commission, saying that if the com- mission 'Here the story ends abruptly. I it continues: After a couple of blank pages, [34] mission was better than his, he would go ofif, or else Stuyvesant should ; but Stuyvesant, after taking a copy of his papers, sent him with the King's ships bound to Holland ; but they were obliged to land him in Eng- land." 2. Almshouse. Inmates. Jan. 1st, 1791. Received 479 Admitted to Dec. ist, 1791 372 851 Died 57 Discharged 247 Bound out 83 — 383 ^' 468 Workhouse, left 52 Bridewell 51 571 TAXES RAISED BY THE CORPORATION. £ s. d. 1766 Total 4669 4 I Poor 2200 1767 " 49CXD 00" 3000 1768 " 5400 o o 1769 " 53CX) o o 1770--- " 6358 14 2 1771 " 7184 2 10 " 4800 The Commissioners for superintending the Alms- house and Bridewell, having closed their accounts to August ist, 1 79 1, they stand as follows: Years Expended from July ist, 1784, to Aug. 1st, 1785 From Aug. ist, 1785, to 1786 1787 1788 1789 1790 1791^ Almshouse jE s. d. 3596 9 2Ka 3846 10 6 4602 15 II 4305 16 3 4465 16 9 5811 2 4 5483 17 9 32,112 8 II [35] Average No. in House Bridewell No. £ s. d. From July ist, 1784, to Aug. ist, 1785 342 1123 5 4 From Aug. ist, 1785, to 1786 366 986 10 II 67 1787 438 878 6 s'A 71 1788 410 629 8 sy2 61 1789 425 742 9 K 83 1790 553 876 4 23^ 80 1791 522 1089 17 9 75 6326 2 sy2 THE ALMSHOUSE, BRIDEWELL AND WORKHOUSE. The first law which mentions anything relating to the establishment of alms and the maintenance of the poor, was passed 26th Sept., 1693, entitled an Act for Settling a Ministry and Raising a Maintenance in the City of New York, County of Richmond, Westchester and Queens County, one good minister for each. It is enacted among other things that there shall be ten Vestrymen and two Church Wardens, chosen every year by the freeholders, on the second Tuesday in Jan- uary, who shall lay a reasonable tax on the said respec- tive cities, counties, parishes or precincts for the main- tenance of the minister and poor of their respective places. (END) 3. Items About the Incorporation of Churches. N. B. — The Dutch Church was incorporated nth May [nth] 1696, by the name of "The Minister, Elders and Deacons of the Reformed Dutch Church of the City of New York." "The Churches [Church?] of England were incor- porated, May 6th, 1697, by the title of "The Rector and Inhabitants of the City of New York in Commu- nion of the Church of England by Law Established." "The Presbyterian Churches [first in Wall Street, 1717] were incorporated by virtue of an Act of Assem- bly passed April 6th, 1784." "The Baptist Church was founded, June 19th, 1762; consisted of 28 members. Trustees appointed agree- ably 1361 ably to law passed April 6th, 1784." Minister, [Ben- jamin] Foster. 4. Items About Dutch Church Buildings. ''Fort Amsterdam being built in 1623, the Chapel was built in the Fort in 1642. This burnt down in 1741."^ "The Dutch congregation built what is called the Old Church in Garden Street in 1693. This was a long square, with three sides of an eight square (oc- tagon) at the east end. In front it had a brick steeple, so large a square as to admit of a room above the entry for a Consistory room. This had a chimney in the roof; was as all old Dutch buildings; and a pitched roof shingled. The windows of the church were small panes of glass set in lead. The most of these had Coats of Arms of those who had been elders and magis- trates, curiously burnt on the glass by Gerardus Duyc- king. Some painted arms were also (therein) and are still hanging against the wall." "It was at first customary in this church, or the one in the fort, to have two boxes strongly bound with iron, with a lid to shut, with a good lock, and a small hole in the top, hanging near the door to receive alms as people went out of church. In front of the box was painted a beggar leaning on a stafif. I found those boxes in the garret when the church was repaired in 1766." "There was another custom in this church introduced for collecting alms instead of the above, afterwards. This was to go about the church when the service was half over with two black bags fastened to a pole with bells at the bottom ringing, while the collection for the poor was made. The bags and sticks are still con- tinued, but the bells are taken oflF." "Governor Montgomery [it was Governor Burnet] made this church a present of a very excellent small organ [1720] which was carried ofif by the British in 1776 or 1777." [This organ was subsequently recog- nized 'The old chapel or Dutch Church was taken down in 1697, and a new Anglican chapel then built, and this Anglican chapel was burned in 1741. See Ecc. Records for years 1693-1696; also Vol. iii, 2016-18. [37I nized in a parish church in England by a member of the Collegiate Church.] "The Dutch congregation increasing, they built what is called the Middle or New Church in 1729 in Nas- sau Street. This church is 100 feet long and 70 feet wide, with a good steeple. When built, it had no gal- lery. The ceiling was an interarch, without pillars, until the year 1764, when English service being intro- duced a gallery was made on the east side and west and south sides of the church, with pillars from the gallery to the ceiling so as to support the roof. The pulpit which stood in the middle of the east side was moved to the north end in 1764. This church was en- tirely gutted during the war, in 1776, etc. ; first applied as a place of confinement and afterward as a riding school. It was reopened again in 1789 and 1790, much as it was before, and at the south end a fine large or- gan, made in this country, is placed." "The Dutch congregation finding their churches too small in 1768 and 1769, built the North Church in William Street, 100 feet long and 68 feet wide; a new building with a tile room supported by large pillars I was one of the commissioners for building this church, and before the most northerly pillar was erected, I put under the same a pewter plate, well-se- cured against moisture, with the following inscription on the same." ^ "Mr. Laidly, called in 1763, preached ist English sermon in Middle Church, 1764." "ist stone laid of this church, July 2d, 1767, by T. Roosevelt. The sermon May 25th, 1769. Cost of building £1 1,948 9s. 4d. Subscription 3»839 8 o "This church was also applied as a or jail during the war, by the British, and very much dam- aged, but repaired in 1784." 5. Items 'This inscription was not in- 1 ing down of the North Ch\irch. serted in this book; but the plate See page 22 of this Vclame. was recovered in 1875 2t the tak- [38I 5- Items About the Buildings of Other Denominations. (i) "Trinity Church in the Broadway was built in 1696 (1697?) by the Episcopal congregation; and burnt down in 1776. Rebuilt again in 1788-9. They also built St. George's Chapel in Beekman Street in 1752, and the St. Paul's Church in the Broadway in 1766. They are all three elegant buildings. The two [latter] were not damaged by the British during the war." (2) "The Dissenters or Presbyterians built a meet- ing house or church in Wall Street in 1719, and en- larged it in 1748; and as it was gutted by the British in 1777, it was repaired again in 1785." "(In) 1767 they built a New Brick Church in the fields or in Chatham Street [Park Row] at the head of Beekman Street. In the war this was also gutted, and repaired again in 1784-5." (3) "The Seceders built a church in Little Queens (Cedar) Street in 1768." (4) "The Baptists built a good church in Gold street." (5) "The Lutherans had a small stone church on the Broadway on the south side of Trinity Church. This was destroyed during the war. They had another good stone church on K. G. (King George, now Wil- liam) street, corner of Frankfort street. This church was not damaged during the war. It had a small or- gan in it." (6) "There are two places of worship in the city for Methodists, one in John Street, and another in the Out Ward in (Forsyth) Street and (Division) Street. The last is a stone building built in 1789, but not yet finished inside." (7) "There is a small place of worship in Great George ( ) Street built in 1789 or 1790, by a small Independent congregation." (8) "The German Calvlnists have a church in Nas- sau Street built in (1765)." (9) "The [39] (9) "The Jews have a synagogue in Jews' Ally, a small square stone building. The congregation is but small." (10) "There is a brick Roman Catholic Chapel in Barclay street corner of Church street."' 6. Items About Jail and Court House. "The first place made use of for a jail and court house was on the site of the house of A. Brinkerhoff, corner of Dock and Coenties Street. There is still the dungeon in the cellar. In (17 — ) the State built a publick Court House and Jail, in the upper end of Broad street on Wall street. It was built in the form of a double I, (or L) open in the middle, and places of confinement for criminals in the cellar. The first story had two large staircases to go up to the middle story, and two large and small rooms. The middle of the second story was the front room, and one end the Assembly room, and the other for the magistrates." "The garret had rooms for the confinement of debt- ors. It was customary for the debtors to hang out of the dormer windows, from the end of a pole, a bag or an old shoe to beg charity of people passing by, with the most doleful cries." "In (17 — ) a new jail was built and the prisoners re- moved; and the City Hall was kept entirely for Court and the Assembly. In 1785 it underwent an entire alteration, with additions and improvements for the use of congress. It was begun to be rebuilt in October, 1788, and (was) ready to accommodate Congress in 1789. The alterations and improvements are said to have cost 20,000 pounds. It is a most superb build- ing." (11) College or University. (12) Quaker Meeting. (13) Scotch Presbyterians. (14) Moravian Church.^ 7. Items * Four'other churches in the city " G. A. ought to have placed are mentioned. these with the other denominations. Sub. 5. [40I 7- Items About the House for Correction, Poor House and Hospital. "The Corporation had a House of Correction and a Poor House built in the fields, now called the (City Hall) Park. This being too small, a large House was built in the same row in and 'The Bridewell." It is a strong stone building with a good front." "In (17 — ) a subscription was set on foot and a large sum of money raised for building and endowing a Hos- pital for the sole The Assembly granted 800 pounds a year out of the excise. The building was be- gun in (17 — ) and nearly finished, when by the care- lessness of a carpenter some shavings left in one of the rooms took fire, by which the wooden parts of the build- ing were consumed. Since the peace, by donations and the grant of pounds by the Assembly, out of , it has been repaired, and at this time has about 12 or It; patients in it who are attended by the physical gen- tlemen of the city. Two 'Dispensaries' have lately been established in the city by subscription. An apothecary is fixed, with a salary, in the houses to give out the med- icines prescribed by the different doctors to the poor, recommended to their care by the subscribers under proper restrictions — a most useful and worthy humane institution." 8. Items About Manufactories. "By a subscription, a manufactory of linen and cotton yarn has been and is still carried on in this city, and proves the means of employing a great many poor in spinning, etc. There is no doubt but that manufactories for a number of articles now imported from foreign countries might be carried on here, especially in the Iron Branch. We have three air furnaces on the (Manhattan) Island." "A manufactory 'The term "Bridewell" origi- nated in En ^ vO rvi 00 ^ ^ Vh .s-s -2 c o.t; R O J5 to CO s > rt o . G «K *: qj rt ^ CO Cli'm " (« "5 *3 O M -d c ca (S o c u Zeq CO o ii M ■a c c^B CI u - « o c B re *^^ ^^ C CS CO O CI CI Uc « i: u o .is o o k. 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