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FOREWORD

During his term of office as President, William Le-verich Brower offered to the Society for publication a manuscript volume of the Domine Henricus Selyns, Minister of the Reformed Church at Nieuw Amsterdam, and on December lo, 1914, the Trustees passed the following resolution:

"Whereas, Our President, William L. Brower, has generously offered to let the Society have his copy of the original book or diary of Domine Selyns, one of first clergymen of New Netherland, for publication,

^^Resolved, That the thanks of the Board of Trustees be tendered to our President for his generous offer of such high historical importance and that a special committee of three be appointed by the chair to take steps for the publication of such diary both in the original Dutch and in the translation, as may seem best to the committee, at the expense of the Society."

A committee of three was thereupon appointed by the President, consisting of Tunis G. Bergen, Edward Van Winkle, and Seward G. Spoor. At the expiration of Mr. Brower's term of office as President, he was appointed by President Gerard Beekman on the committee.

The manuscript came to the committee completed. It was carefully prepared under Mr. Brower's direction. The Dutch has been compared with the original and is accurately reproduced.

'^^^^S

Province Seal of Nieuw Netherland

DEDICATION To

The Holla7id Society of New York, many of zvhose sons are lineal descendants of the early settlers herein recorded, and to;

The Church of those early days, which, in unbroken succession, is still with us; hy whose foresight and care much of history and tradition which otherwise ivould have been lost has been preserved.

This reproductiofi of an old volume, is inscribed and dedicated by one who, from the ^''hallowed quiets of the pasf^ finds inspiration and hope for the future.

Re spice. Ads pice. Pros pice.

WILLIAM LEFERICII BROWER.

INTRODUCTION

DESCRIPTION AND HISTORY OF THE MANUSCRIPT VOLUME

The Rev. Dr. Thomas De Witt, in his Historical Discourse, 1856, page 24, says:

"I have in my possession a small manuscript volume of Domine Selyns, dated 1686, in which there is a register of the members of the church, arranged according to the streets. These streets are found below Wall Street and east of Broadway, while the remaining families are placed 'along shore,' on the East River, above the Fresh Water or Collect, and also on Governor Stuyvesant's bouwerie or farm. This manuscript volume was doubtless prepared by Selyns to direct him in his family visitation." In the Appendix to his Discourse, on page 66, Dr. DeWitt further says in reference to this list of members:

"Were we to copy this list it might interest many who delight to search into the 'olden time' and trace the names of their ancestry or of honored and well-known families, and the locality of their residence at that time. To others, however, it would prove dry and uninteresting, and space cannot be afforded for it. It may be gratifying to mark the arrangement of the streets in which the families were resident at that early period. We give the Dutch names of the streets found in the list and their translation into English, and their present locality. The whole number of members on the list is five hundred and sixty [563], distributed as follows:"

Number of Members. "De Breede Weg (Broadway). 56

Beurs straat (Exchange Street), at present Whitehall Street. 13

Paerl straat (Pearl Street), now Pearl Street, bet\veen State and Whitehall Sts. 34 Langs de Strand (along shore), now the north side of Pearl Street and Hanover Square, between Whitehall and Wall Sts. 67

Lang

Number of Members. Lang de Wall (Wall Street). 22

Nieuw straat (the present New Street). 18 Bever straat (Beaver Street), between Broadway and Broad Street. 16

Marktvelt straat (Marketfield Street). 9

Brouwer's straat (Brewer's Street), now the part of Stone Street bet^veen Whitehall and Broad Streets. 16 Brug straat (Bridge Street). 15 Heeren Gracht (Gentlemen's Canal)—the term gracht, or canal, was given to what is now Broad Street, because a canal ran through the middle of it; —oost zyde (east side). 37 Heeren Gracht, west zyde (Broad Street, west side). 49 Hoog straat (High Street), now the part of Stone Street between Broad and William Streets. 62 Slyck straat (Mud Street), now South William, formerly Sloat Lane. 5 Prinsess straat (Prince Street), now Beaver Street, between Broad and William. 15 Koning straat (King Street), now Pine Street. 8 Smid straat (Smith Street), now William Street, below Wall. 28 Smit's Vallei (Smith's Valley), on the road along the East River shore above Wall Street. 29 Over het Versche Water (beyond the Fresh Water), which was afterward called the Collect. 47 There were seven in the Deacon's House for the Poor, in Broad Street. 7 One is noted as buiten de landt poort (be-vond the land gate), that is, on the present Broadway, above Wall Street:—only one. i There are seven placed at a more remote distance. 7

The

The above is given to show in what a small part of the lower section of the city the more compact portion of the population was comprised in 1686."

This little volume of Domine Selyns, to which Dr. DeWitt refers in the quotation above, originally well bound, but now very much broken, is only five inches by three in size, and about one inch thick. It contains about 170 leaves, or 340 pages. It was not, strictly speaking, one of the official books of the church, but a private memorandum book of one of its ministers. Most ministers, no doubt, are in the habit of making somewhat similar records of their communicants; but this record is of special interest because of its age, and its carefully made list of 566 church members then living in the city, with the location of their residences, mostly south of Wall Street.

After the death of Domine Selyns, in 1701, the history of this volume is a matter of conjecture. It probably passed into the hands of his successor, Domine DuBois (1699-1 751), and from him it would naturally have fallen into the hands of Domine Ritzema (1744-1794). The latter probably carried it with him to Kinderhook when he left the city in 1776, on account of the British occupation. He did not return to the city, but became pastor emeritus, 1784-1794. In 1784 the Consistory requested him to send back the records of the church. This he did, and possibly this book was among them.

It would then naturally have fallen into the hands of Dr. John H. Livingston, who was the sole acting pastor for a while after the Revolution; or perhaps into the hands of the Consistory's clerk. But soon aftef we find it in the possession of Garret Abeel, who was elected to the Consistory in 1791. He, being of an historical turn of mind, utilized the blank pages of this volume to record many facts about the church and city; but his statements do not extend beyond the year 1791, which we may therefore consider as the approximate date of his writing. Not many official documents had then yet been made available, and the history

tory of the city and church was yet largely traditional/ From Garret Abeel the volume very probably passed into the care of Domine Gerardus A. Kuypers (1789-1833), who was the acknowledged authority on the history of the Church in his day. In the year of his death (1833) [it] was loaned by some one to Dr. T. R. De Forest. He published in that year a little volume styled "Olden Time in New York. By Those Who Knew." That Dr. De Forest had the book in 1833 appears from the following extract from his prefatory note: After returning thanks to the several friends who had aided him in his labors, he says:

"and in a particular manner to the gentleman who kindly loaned to me the valuable old manuscript from which most of the matter in the following pages was gleaned. This book was formerly the property of Domine Selyns, and bears the date of 1686. The first part contains a memoranda [sic] of church members at that time, with their residences carefully noted down in the Dutch language and character [Gothic chirography] ; the latter part of the volume, from which the extracts have been made, is in the English language, and appears to have been a memoranda [sic] of the past and present. The whole is highly interesting and bears evidence of strict veracity; and as the language of the author has met with few and slight alterations, the reader to understand it fully, must carry himself back in his imagination to about the commencement of the present [the 19th] century."

T. R. De Forest. New York, July, 1833.

This volume of Domine Selyns was in the hands of Rev. Dr. Thomas De Witt in 1841, when he published the list of members of 1686 in "The Collections of the New York Historical Society," and in 1856, and probably during the intervening period, and down to his death in 1874. It was by his executors given to Rev.

Dr. Talbot

'Judge William Smith had indeed written a history of the Province of New York in 1733, and his son of the same name had

brought it down to 1762. While valuable in many ways, the lack of the official documents even in this history is often very apparent.

Dr. Talbot W. Chambers, from whom it passed into the possession of Mr. William L. Brower, and is still owned by him.

Contents of the Manuscript Volume.

The Manuscript Volume had 170 leaves and may be divided into four sections:

I. The Member-list covers the first 68 of these, including the first five leaves now missing from the manuscript.

Immediately thereafter follows:

II. The Number-list of Children, which covers only two leaves.

These first 70 leaves are written on one side only. With the exception of a few white pages here and there between the divisions, the following 100 leaves are written on both sides.

Of these, 19 leaves, or 38 pages, contain the first of the Notes of Garret Abeel.

These are followed by 9 pages of: III. Marriage Entries of members of the Dutch Reformed Church of New York in 1686-7 in the handwriting of Domine Selyns. IV. The Notes of Garret Abeel following thereafter take up 72 pages; together with the former 38 pages in Abeel's hand they amount to no pages, or 55 leaves. Previous

Seal of NIeuw Amsterdam [xiii]

The List of Church Members in 1686.

This list has been printed at least four times, namely:

A in Dr. Thomas De Witt's edition in "The Collections of the New York Historical Society," Second Series, Vol. I, 1841, pp. 392-399.

AI in David T. Valentine's "History of the City of New York," 1853, pp. 331-343-

AH in James Grant Wilson's "Memorial History of New York," Vol. I, 1892, pp. 446-452.

AP in "The Year-Book of The Holland Society of New York," 1896, pp. 178-189.

Of the above mentioned publications, A is the only edition from the original. It was prepared by the Rev. Thomas DeWitt, D.D., of the Collegiate Reformed Dutch Church of New York. An "Introductory Note" on pp. 390-391 and a very short critical note on p. 399 were added to the text.

The "Introductory Note" gives:

A short biography of Domine Henricus Selyns.

An English translation of the most frequent Dutch phrases and abbreviations in the list.

A list of ministers of the Dutch Reformed Church in the City of New York from 1639-1833.

A Latin poem by Domine Selyns, dated October 16, 1697.

The short critical note gives:

The English and classical equivalents of some of the Dutch female baptismal names occurring in the list.

A remark about errors probably occurring in the manuscript.

The Text. —As to the number and order of names, this edition is fairly correct and complete, but as a whole it lacks uniformity and fidelity. The numerous misspellings of names are not due to a regular transliteration of the original spelling into the modern American way of spelling Dutch names. The editor evidently intended to conform to the spelling of the original. The mistakes, some of which have resulted in changing names beyond recognition, are mainly due to

the

[xlv]

the editor's unfamiliarity with the Dutch language, orthography and chirography of the 17th Century, the patronymic name system, and the geography of the Netherlands, from which many family names have been derived. The Frisian names among them have not been understood at all, and in a few instances men's names have been taken for women's names, and the reverse.

The typographical errors have been left uncorrected.

The original Dutch names of the streets are in some cases accompanied only by the English translation, according to their meaning, in other cases only by the modern equivalents of the streets. The division into households has been disregarded altogether. The location of the "Diaconies Huys" on the "Heerengracht, west-zyde" (Deacons' House for the Poor on Broad Street), is misleading. It was not situated at the extreme north end of Broad Street, as this first edition of the list would imply; several houses stood between it and the north end.

Furthermore, there have been omitted:

Two localities, given in the list: "Boschwyck" (Bushwick) and "Nieuwe Tuynen" (Newtown), and their inhabitants, and also the list of streets and the number of minor children of church members living there.

The "Introductory Note" gives some correct and useful information, but little of direct bearing on the list and the better understanding of it. Also the short critical note is of little or no help.

Copies from Dr. Thomas De Witt's Edition of

Section I.

Of this edition AI and All are direct copies; AP is a copy from AI.

AI. David T. Valentine's "History of the City of New York," 181^3, pp. 331-343, contains a copy of the text of Section I under the title: "List of Members of the Dutch Church in This City in the Year 1686 (from the Manuscript of Domine Selynus, by Rev. Dr. De Witt of this City)." This reprint shows not only the same mistakes and omissions as its printed original, but

many

many more. Moreover, it has done away entirely with the orthography, which Dr. De Witt had attempted at least to retain in his edition. It follows the modern American way of spelling Dutch names. Evidently the copyist never saw the original manuscript.

AP. The Year-Book of the Holland Society of New York, 1896, pp. 178-189 contains a reprint from AI, an indirect copy, therefore, from Dr. De Witt's text. Being a very faithful copy of its immediate predecessor, it has not added any mistakes to those already existing. Without seeing the original manuscript, or making use of the edition of Dr. De Witt, the transcriber, through his thorough familiarity with the Dutch language, has amended some corrupt spellings of street names and given a more accurate version of their meaning, and also of their modern equivalents.

All. James Grant Wilson's "Memorial History of the City of New York," 1892, Vol. I, pp. 446-452, contains a reprint from the text of A, under the title "List of Church Members and Their Residences in 1686, Kept by the Rev. Henricus Selyns, Pastor of the Dutch Reformed Church."

The orthography of the names has in this reprint been modernized only here and there, and as a whole it can be called a faithful copy from Dr. De Witt's text, with all its errors and omissions.

Present Edition of Sections I, II and III.

The Present Edition of (I) The List of Church Members in 1686; (II) The List of the Number of Their Minor Children; (III) Marriage Entries, New York, June 14, 1686; has been based exclusively on the original manuscript.

The text of Section I is an exact copy from the original manuscript except for the first five pages, which are missing there. The contents of these pages have been reconstructed on the basis of Dr. De Witt's text of 1841. These pages comprise a part of Broadway, the first street mentioned in the manuscript, and the names of forty-eight persons indicated as living there. Of these forty were church members in 1686. These names have been compared with the official Church Records, and

are

fxvi^

are carefully spelt after the orthographical principles followed by Domine Selyns.

The names of seven hundred and six persons are indicated in this list. Included with them are the names of deceased husbands, where the church members were widows; also the names of living husbands who were not in communion with the Dutch Church. These together numbered one hundred and forty persons, making the number of church members five hundred and sixty-six.

It is highly probable that the living husbands above mentioned were communicants in other churches, such as the Church of England and the French Huguenot Church.

Six negroes are mentioned, five of whom were church members; these were divided among three households. One of them, a woman, lived within the walls, at the north end of Prince's Street; four were men and lived outside at the Great Kill and the Freshwater. The members lived in seventeen streets inside the city walls and in seven localities outside, the names of which in the Manuscript are all written at the heads of the pages. The names of the streets, etc., are given in the text as Domine Selyns recorded them; their English translation and the names of their modern equivalents are added. In Appendix C, these names will be found together with their equivalents a century later than the date of the Manuscript, as recorded by Garret Abeel in Domine Selyns' volume opposite the originals.

The division into households, purposely and very carefully kept in Domine Selyns' list, has been overlooked by Dr. De Witt and consequently by those who copied him. This division is of genealogical importance, as it shows in most cases the family relationship. The five hundred and sixty-six members belong to three hundred and twenty-four households.

The number of members of households and of persons mentioned in each street or locality is given in Appendix B.

It has been thought that it would be interesting to trace the routes followed by Domine Selyns in making his pastoral visits. For this purpose a copy of the map

of

of the city, as it appeared in 1695, published in Valentine's Manual for 1845-46, has been introduced into this volume, on which is indicated in red lines the journeying of this illustrious man in the discharge of his sacred duties. (See Appendix A.)

In the Present Edition the names of all persons and members mentioned in the list have been numbered, the members receiving besides their person-number a member-number also.

An alphabetical index, indicating the persons by their person or name-number, has been prepared and w^ill be found at the end of this volume.

Section II. The text of Section II is also an exact copy from the original manuscript. The title added by Domine Selyns is somewhat misleading, as the list does not give the names of the children or the number of children in each household, but only the number of children in each of the streets where church members lived. We have, therefore, added a more complete title, while Domine Selyns' title of the list has also been kept, and a literal translation of it is given in the footnote. The columns giving the translation of the street names and the modern equivalents of the streets, are also added as well as the final total of the number of children.

Section III. The marriage entries given in this volume are dated from June 14, 1686, to July 25, 1686, inclusive. They cover, however, the dates from June 14, 1686, to April 23, 1687, inclusive, as comparison with the official Church Records shows.^

The way these entries have been made shows clearly that they were made at the time of the reading of the banns, and that Domine Selyns must have used the volume, not only as a note book for his regular visits, but also in his pulpit. In this edition the original Dutch has been given, and the English translation has been added. The list contains the publication of the banns of eighteen parties.

Among

^The Church Records of Mar- I and Biographical Society, Vol. i. See riages are published in the Collec- there, pp. 60, 61. tions of the New York Genealogical I

Among these occurs the publication of Domine Sel-yns' own banns with the widow of de Heer Cornelis van Steenwyck, the first publication on October 2nd. The marriage took place October 20th, 1686/

Present Edition of Section IV.

Garret Abeel's Historical Notes on the City of New York, from 160Q to I7Q2. These notes were written in the manuscript volume more than a century after Domine Selyns' time (1791-1792) by Garret Abeel, a member of the Consistory of the Dutch Reformed Church, and occupy one hundred and ten pages, or fifty-five leaves.

They are somewhat miscellaneous in character and arrangement, but are in this edition given in the order in which they are found. Foot-notes are added here and there, and in order to give a brief view of the whole, a detailed table of contents has been prepared.

Dr. T. R. De Forest, in his ''Olden Time in New York," has used much of this material, with matter from other sources. While often quoting Abeel's very language, he has, however, arranged his material in a more logical order.

Not a few inaccuracies will be noticed both in Abeel's and De Forest's statements by those familiar with the official documents, which have since been made available.

THE

'Did he publish his own banns, or request one of the Consistory to do

it? He had no colleague at the time.

THE NAME-SYSTEM OF THE DUTCH IN

THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY, AND ITS SUBSEQUENT DEVELOPMENT.

Illustrated by Examples from

DOMINE SELYNS' LIST OF 1686.

Given Names.

After the introduction of Christianity in the Netherlands, and perhaps still earlier, a foreign class of names grew up by the side of the native Dutch names. During the middle ages these foreign names increased so rapidly that they soon outnumbered the native names, except in the province of Friesland in the Netherlands, and in the province of the same name in Germany, and along the Danish borders. The foreign names in the Netherlands, however, developed peculiar Dutch forms, so as to be hardly recognized as the same as their originals, and became, as it were, a second native class of names. In the Golden Age of the Dutch Republic, the period in which Domine Selyns made out his list, the proportion of the native and foreign names was about equal, as it is at the present day, and few of the native names have been lost since then. The native element is, of course, Germanic, but modified by peculiar Dutch forms.

We offer a few remarks on the development of both classes of names, and will use, as examples, only such names as are found in-our list of 1686.

I. Names of Men.

I. Class of native names. These are the survivors of the old heraldic system of names. Each name consists of two inseparable parts, one part being common to a whole class of names. For example:

Hend-rick Frede-rick Dirck=Diede-rick=Theodorick.

Thyman

Thyman=Tiede-man=House-father.

Hart-man=Strong-man. Hey-man=Hege-man=Tall-man. Evert:=Ever-hard=Strong as a boar. Barent:^Bern-hard=Strong as a bear. Wolferl:=Wolf-hard=Strong as a wolf. Olfert is the Frisian form of Wolfert; Ulf, being in old Frisian, as well as in Scandinavian, a wolf. Allard=Adel-hard=Very noble.

C^^\ \ =Gerhard^Strong as a spear.

Albert=Adel-bert.

Gysbert=Gisel-bert.

Egbert:=Egen-bert.

Seu rt=Siward=Sige-ward.

Willem=Wil-helm.

Other Germanic men's names in this list are: Arent; Coenraed; Leendert; Huyg=Hugo=tall; Walter= ruler; Otto; Lodewyck; Carel; Bruyn; Wessel; Rut-ger; Reyer; Warner; and a few special Frisian names, such as, Olfert; Siurt; Boele; Wyd; Rip; Wybrant= Wige-brand=sword of war. Compare Sige-brand; Wilde-brand, etc.

2. Class of foreign names.

From the Hebrew of the Old Testament and from the Apocrypha:—Abraham; Isaac; Jacob; Benjamin; Jonathan; David; Solomon; Adam; Assuerus (an Assyrian name); Elias; Daniel; Jeremias; Zacharias; Tobias.

From the Greek of the New Testament:—Simon; Petrus (or Pieter) ; Johannes (or Jan); Philippus; Thomas; Andreas (Andries) ; Stephanus; Lucas; Nicolaus (Claes) ; Nicasius; Christophorus (Stofifel) ; Christian (us), (Christian).

From the Latin:—Antonius (Theunis) ; Cornelius; Clement; Vincent; Victor; Laurens; Justus (Joost) ; Jurrian(us); Adrian(us)=Adrian, Arie; Martinus (Maerten) ; Paulus.

IL Names

1. Class of native names. A less number of women's names have survived, in Holland, than of men's names. Examples:

Geer-truyd=Ger-trude=Spear-betrothed;

Hillegont=Hilde-gonda=Battle-bride; and the diminutives:

Hilletje=Heyltje, from Hilda.

Vrouwtje, from Trowa^Mistress of the house.

Femmetje, from Femma=Maiden.

Wal-burg; Wy-burg, from the last syllable of

which, Brechtje is a diminutive.

Blandina=Blondine=Fair-haired. The native names of women have been enlarged in number, by adding to the native names of men, the endings -je; -tje; and -ken. Examples:

Willemtje; Metje, from Metten, a Frisian name; Wyntje, from the first syllable of Wynant; Egbertje; Engeltje; Albertje; Baetje, from Bato, a Frisian name; Baertje, from Bart; Hendrickje; Geertje, from Geert =Gerhard; Gerritje, from Gerrit=Gerhard; Gys-bertje, from Gysbert; Geesje, from Gys=Gysbert; Wiesken, from Wietse, a Frisian name; and Ytje, from Ide, a Frisian man's name.

2. Class of foreign names.

This class is much larger for the names of women than for the names of men. Many have been borrowed from the Hebrew. For example: From the wives of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, and even of Assuerus; as Sara; Rebecca; Rachel; Hester; also Deborah has not been forgotten; while from the New Testament, there are the Hebrew names of Anna, Elizabeth, Magdalena, Lydia; and from the Hebrew of the Apocrypha, Susanna and Judith.

From the Greek names of saints have been derived the names of Catharina; Agatha; Margaretha; Sophia; Helena; ApoUonia; and from Latin names, those of Maria; Cornelia; Agneta; Christina; Celia; Caneva; Emerentia; Ursula.

Numerous

[xxiil

Numerous derivatives and diminutives have been derived from these foreign names. For example: From Anna came Annetje and Anneke. From Elizabeth came Elsje, Lysbeth and Betje. From Magdalena came Magdaleentje. From Helena came Leentje. From Catharina came Tryntje. From Agatha came Aechtje. From Margaretha came Margrietje and Grietje. From Sophia came Fytje. From Apollonia came Pleuntje. From Maria came Marritje and Mayken. From Cornelia came Neeltje. From Antonia came Theuntje. From Celia came Celitje. From Agneta came Agnietje. From Emerentia came Emmerentje. From Cunera came Kniertje. From Ursula came Urseltje. Etc., etc.

Also many Dutch names of women have been derived from men's names of foreign origin, by adding the Dutch diminutive endings, as

From Adrianus=Ariaen, came Ariaentje.

From Jacob=Jaep, came Jaepje.

From Nicolaes=Claes, came Claesje.

Patronymics

A Dutch patronymic is a man's name with its genitive ending, added as a sur-name, to the given name of a person who stands under his patria potestate (who belongs to his household). Such person may be his son or his daughter, his wife or his grandchild.

The genitive endings which make these patronymics from the names of men, whether native names or foreign nam^s, are:

I. The Frankish genitive, ending in -en. This ending is old and becoming very rare, and occurs almost exclusively as a suffix to native names. Examples in our list are:

Boelen; Bonen; Corren; Fokken.

The

The Saxon genitive s or se. Patronymics formed by genitive endings only, could be utilized by women as well as men.

The patronymics formed by the Saxon genitive, however, sometimes added sen or zen, standing for soon or zoon, meaning son. This kind of patronymic became very common in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, but it could, of course, be used only by men. At first, women had the ending dochter, daughter, as an equivalent, but this did not continue. The patronymics of men, ending in -ssen or -szen became permanent as family names in the latter part of the seventeenth century. Before that time they were only sporadic, but at the end of the eighteenth century had become common. Then also women began to use such family names, derived from patronymics ending in ssen or szen. Domine Selyns' list, however, shows only one example of such usage, namely. No. 375: Lysbeth Jacobzen.

As for the rest, the old patronymic system was so much in use among the Dutch in 1686, that such forms existed as Abrahams, Andries, Arents, Barents, Claes, Cornelis, Dirx (x=ks), Frans, Frederics, Gerrits, Hendricks, Jacobs, Jacobus, Jans, Laurens, Lucas, Pic-ters, Thomas, Wessels, Willems. To these forms, as being pure genitives, both men and women were entitled; but for the sake of distinction they were borne only by females.

Men used almost exclusively such patronymics as Abrahamszen, Andrieszen, Arentszen, etc. But one must remember that the name which forms the essential part of a patronymic must be that of a person's father. In case a patronymic belongs to a woman, it may, perhaps, express not her father's, but her husband's name; but sometimes, in cases of both men and women, it may express the grandfather's name. Everything depends upon the residence; in whose patria po-testate the person resides. For, although the Roman institution of patria potestas never found its way among the Dutch, a similar legal arrangement, which subsequently became a custom, existed among them. And

even

even long after this custom of patria potestas had died out, the Dutch kept up the patronymic system which originated from it.

It had become a matter of convention, as well as a necessity for convenience, to distinguish persons of the same given name from one another by giving them surnames. Now the patronymic was one form of surname. But in certain respects the mere patronymic was not satisfactory, for it left members of the same general family without a common and distinctive family name. But permanent family names grew up gradually out of these patronymics; so that by the end of the eighteenth century most families were provided with definite and permanent family names. Then patronymics of the immediate paternal ancestry only survived as middle names, and their further development into family names came largely to an end. This process reached its development almost completely, in the Dutch speaking world, by the close of the eighteenth century. It was totally finished in the Netherlands in 1810 by a Napoleonic law ordering everyone yet without a family name to assume such a name. In the course of another generation, this process of development of surnames was absolutely completed not only in the Netherlands, but in America, South Africa and Ceylon. The Paulison name is one of the latest examples in America of a patronymic becoming a permanent family name.

Family Names.

Many other family names had their origin from the locality where some prominent member of the family once lived. In such cases prepositions frequently adhered to the family name, indicating the locality from which they sprung; the definite article often remaining in combination with the preposition. For example:

Van, as in Van Winkle.

Van den,

Van der, sometimes contracted to ver.

Te der, contracted to ter.

Te den, contracted to ten.

Voor, as in Voor-Hees; van Voor-Hees.

Onder,

Onder, as in Onder-donk.

Op, as in Op-dyck.

Op den, contracted into oppen, as in Oppendyck.

Many Dutch family names have also been formed from occupations of one of its members, in most cases of the auctor generis, or founder of the family. Such family names stand sometimes by themselves, sometimes with the prefixed definite articles de and den.

Many of the patronymics occurring in the list of Domine Selyns of 1686 were not yet family names at that time and many never became such.

Domine Selyns seems to have used the names by which his church-members were more popularly known and in many cases he gives a patronymic only where a family name of another nature was possessed already by the same person, as appears from wills and other legal documents of the times, in which the persons had to be mentioned not with their popular but with their legal names.

The index of names will illustrate the rules and statements given here.

Seal of New York 1669

SECTION I.

LIST OF MEMBERS OF THE

DUTCH REFORMED CHURCH

IN NEW YORK IN 1686,

Arranged According to the Streets of the City

By DoMiNE Henricus Selyns in 1686

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS and translation of Dutch terms occurring in this list:

en syn h. )

en syn huysv. \ en syne huysvrouw,

en syn huysvr. ;

h. V.

W. V.

wed. V.

de HI-. Juffr.

huysvrouw van, I weduwe van,

de Heer, Juffrou,

and his (house) wife.

(house) wife of.

widow of

Sir or Mr. Lady or M^S-

I. Breede weg (Broadway). Name- Member-Number. Number.^

1,2

3,4 5.6

7,8 9, 10 II, 12

13, 14 15, 16

17,18

I Ariaentje Cornelius, h. v. Albert Barents.

2, 3 Paulus Turck, en S3^n huysvr. Aeltje Barents. 4 Maria Turck, h. v. Abraham Kermer.

5,6 Coenraed ten Eyck, en syn h. Annetje

Daniels. 7, 8 Gerrit Jantze.^ Roos, en syn h. Tryntje

Arents. 9, 10 Tobias Stoutenburg, en syn h. Annetje van

Hillegom.

II Marritje Cornelis, h. v. Elias Post.

12, 13 Jurriaen Blanck, en syn huysv. Hester van der

Beeck. 14, 15 Johannes van Gelder, en syn h. Janneken

Montenack.

^ In the original MS. the names of streets, persons and members have not been numbered. The numbering has been added by the present editor. The first column gives the name-number, or the number of all persons mentioned; the second column gives the member-number, or the number of all members.

* In the original MS. abbreviations in the names are indicated with the mark — above the last letter of the abbreviated name; we indicate them with a . mark.

In this list they only occur in male forms of patronymics; for instance: Jansz (Jansz.), or Jansze (Jansze.), stands for: Janszen.

Pieter Willemse Roome, en syn h, Hester van

Gelder.

Willem van der Schuuren, en syn h. Grietje

Plettenburg,

Annetje Bording, h. v. Cornelis Kregier.

Tryntje Cornelis, wed. v. Christiaen Pieter-

sen.

Hendrick Obee, en syn huysv. Aeltje Claes.

Evert Aertsen, en syn huysvr. Styntie Nagel.

Olphert Seurt, en syn huysvr. Margareta

Klopper.

Helena Pieterse, h. v. Abraham Mathysen.

Geurt Gerritsen, en syn huysv. Elisabeth

Cornelis.

Seurt Olphertsen, en syn huysv. Ytie Roe-

lofse.

Anneken Mauritz, wed. v. Dom. Wilhelmus

van Nieuwenhuysen.

Tryntje Bickers, h. v. Walter Heyers.

de H""- Frangois Rombout, en syn h. Helena

Teller.

Isaac Stephenszen, en syn h. Margareta van

Veen.

Lucas Andrieszen, en syn h. Aefje Laurence.

Balthazar Bayard, en syn huysv. Marritje

Loockermans.

M""- Gerrit van Tricht, en syn h. Maria van

der Grift.

Blandina Kierstede, h. v. Pieter Bayard.

Rachel Kierstede.

Jan Peeck en syn huysv. Lysbeth van Imburg

Gysbert van Imburg.

Tryntie Adolphus, h. v. Thomas Hooker.

Lysbeth Lucas, w. v. Jan Stephenszen.

Beurs Straet, ["Exchange Place"] (Whitehall Street.)

Margarietje Pieters, h. v. Frederick Arent-

szen.

Jacob Teller, en syn huysvr. Cnristina Wes-

sels.

Jacob de Key, en syn huysvr. Hillegond Theu-

nis.

Sara Bedlo, h. v. Claes Borger.

Pieter de Riemer, en syn huysvr. Susanna de

Foreest.

Isaac de Riemer.

^ The 48 names above mentioned have been reconstructed on the basis of Dr. De Witt's text of his

edition of 1841, because the first five pages of the original MS. are missing.

Name- Member-Number. Number. 74, 75 61 Juffr. Magareta de Riemer,' wed. van den

H""- Cornells Steenwyck. 76, 77 62, 63 Andries Greevenraedt, en syn huysv. Anna van

Brug.

3. Paerl Straet, (Pearl Street). (Between State and Whitehall Sts.)

78, 79 64,65 Jan Willemszen, en syn huysv. Lysbeth

Fredricx, Marten Cregier.

Tryntie Cregier, wed. van StofEel Hooglant. Margareta Blanck, h. v. Philip Smit. Gerrit Hardenberg, en syn huysv. Jaepje Schepmoes. Sara Hardenberg.

Isaac Greevenraedt, en syn huysv. Marritle Jans.

Hendrick Jilliszen Meyert, en syn huysv. Elsje Rosenvelt.

Andries Breestede, en syn huysv. Annetje van Borsum.

Aeltje Schepmoes, w^- v. Jan Evertszen Keteltas.

Susanna Marsuryn, wed. van Claes Bording. Gerrit van Gilden.

Pieter le Grand, en syn huysv. Janneken de Windel.

Jan Schouten, en syn huysv. Sara Jans. Lysbeth Schouten.

Dirck Theuniszen, en syn huysvr. Catalina Frans.

Warnar Wessels, en syn huysvr. Lysbeth Cornells. Nicolaes Blanck.

Catharina Blanck, h. v. Justus Witsvelt. Claesje Blanck, h. v. Victor Bicker. Tryntie Claes, wed. van Jeuriaen Blanck. Pieter Jacobszen Marius, en syn h. Marritje Beeck.

Aeltje Willems, wed. van Pieter Corneliszen. Thomas Laurenszen, en syn huysv. Marritje Jans.

Corn(elis) van Langevelt, en syn huysv. Maria Groenlant. Trvntle Michiels, h. v. Andries Claeszen.

' Domine Henricus Selyns, widr. of Machteld Specht, married this lady on the 20th of Oct., 1686. See the Official Church Records printed

in "The Collections of the New York Gen. and Biog. Society." Vol. I, 1890, p. 61, and also our present text III, on p. 39.

4. Langs Strant ["Along the Shore,"] (North side of Pearl St. and Hanover Sq. to Wall St.)

Name- Member-Number. Number.

125, 126 102 Rebecca de la Val, h. v. Willem der Val. 127, 128 103 Elsje Thymens, h. v. Jacob Leydsler.'

129 104 Susanna Leydsler.

130, 131 105, 106 Daniel Veenvos, en syn huysv. Christina van

der Grift. 132, 133 107, 108 Jacob Leendertsen van der Grift en syn h.

Rebecca Fredericx.

134 109 Nicolaes van der Grift.

135 no Rachel van der Grift.

136, 137 III Rachel Kip, h. van. Lucas Kierstede.

138, 139 112 Celitje Jans, h. v. Paulus Richard.

140, 141 113 Elisabeth Grevenraedt, wed. van. D^ Samuel

Drisius. 142, 143 114, 115 Pieter de la noy, en syn huysv. Elisabeth de

Potter. 144 116 Catharina Bedlo,

145, 146 117, 118 Frederick Gysbertsz. van den Berg, en syn h.

Maria Lubberts. 147, 148 119 Jannetje Tienhoven, h. v. John Smit.

149, 150 120 Henriette Wessels, wed. v. Allard Anthony.

151 121 Maria Wessels.

152, 153 122, 123 Benjamin Blaeck, en syn huysv. Judith Etsal. I54> 155 124, 125 Jacobus Kip, en syn huysv. Hendrickje Wessels. 156, 157 126 Marritje Hendricx,^ w. v. Nicolaes Janszen

Backer. 158, 159 127 Debora de Meyert, h. v. Thomas Crundall. 160, 161 128, 129 Albert Bosch, en syn huysvr. Elsje Blanck. 162, 163 130 Anna Maria Jans, h. v. Cornelis Janszen van

Hoorn. 164, 165 131 Hillegont Cornelis, h. v. Olfert Kreeftberry.*

166 132 Vrouwtje Cornelis.

167, 168 133, 134 Pieter Janszen Messier, en syn h. Marritje

Willems. 169, 170 135, 136 Coenraed ten Eyck, Junior, en syn h. Belitje

Hercx. 171, 172 137, 138 Tobias ten Eyck, en syn huysvr. Elisabeth

Hegemans.

173 U9 Benjamin Hegemans.

174 140 Hermannus Borger.

175, 176 141 Engeltje Mans, wed. v. Borger Joriszen.

177 142 Johannes Borger.

178, 179 143, 144 Lucas Tienhoven, en syn huysvr. Tryntie

Bordings.

'The well-known Jacob Leisler. ^Wilson has: Marritje Wessels.

^Wilson has: Olfert Kreefts-berg.

Name- Member-Number. Number.

180, 181 145, 146 Cornells Verduyn, en syn huysvr. Sara Hen-

dricx.

182, 183 147, 148 Albert Klock, en syn huysvr. Tryntie Abrahams.

184, 185 149, 150 Marten Klock, en syn huysv. Lysbeth Abrahams.

186, 187 151 Geesje Barents, wed. v. Thomas Lieuwenszen. 188 152 Catharina Lieuwens.

189, 190 153, 154 Johannes van Brug, en syn huysv. Catharina

Roelefs,

191, 192 155 Cornelia Beeck, h. v. Jacobus de Hardt.

193. 194 156 Margareta Hendricx, h. v. John Robbertson.

195.196 157,158 Charsten Luursen, en syn huysv. Geertie Quick.

197, 198 159 Aeltje Gysberts, h. v. Zacharlas Laurenszen.

199, 200 160 Francyntie Andries, h. v. Abraham Lubberts.

201,202 161 Annetje van Borsum, wed. v. Egbert van

Borsum.

203, 204 162, 163 Pieter van der Groef, en syn huysvr. Janneken

van Borsum.

205,206 164, 165 Robert Sinclaer, en syn huysvr, Maria Duyck-

ing.

5. Langs de Wal. ["Along the Wall."]' {South Side of Wall Street.)

207,208 166 Willemtje Claes, h. v. Gysbert Elbertsen.

209 167 Neeltje Gysberts.

210,211 168, 169 Adriaen Dircxen, en syn huysvr. Lybeth Jans. 212,213 170 Heyltje de la chair, h. v. John Cavallier.

214, 215 171 Anna Maria van Giesen, h. v. Johannes Jans-

zen. 216,217 172 Marritie Pieters, h. v. Jacob Pieterszen.

218,219 173,174 Bernhardus Hassing, en syn huysv. Neeltie

van Couwenhoven. 220,221 175 Geertruyd Jans van's Gravenswaert, h. v.

John Otten. 222 176 Neeltje van Thuyl.

223,224 177 Sophia Claes, h. v. Rotgert Parker. 225,226 178,179 Gerrit Corn(elis) van Westveen, en syn h.

Wyntie Stoutenburg. 227,228 180 Urseltje Duytsman, wed. v. Johannes Harden-

broeck. 229,230 181 Metje Hardenbroeck, h. V. Evert Hendrlcxen.

231 182 Casparus Hardenbroeck.

232,233 183,184 Hermannus van Borsum, en syn huysv. Wy-

burg Hendricx. 234.235 185 Claertje Dominicus, h. v. Jan Pieterszen Slot.

'Wilson translates: "Along the Wharf."

Name- Member-Number. Number. 236,237 186 Gerritje Quick, h. v. Leendert de Grauw.

6. Nieuwe Straet, (New Street.)

238, 239 187 Janneken Jans, h. v. Isaac Abrahamszen. 240,241 188, 189 Daniel Waldron, en syn huysv. Sara Rutgers. 242, 243 190 Adriaentje Jans, h. v. Vincent de la montagne. 244, 245 191 Marritje Waldron, h. v. Hendrick Gerritszen.

246, 247 192 Aefje Roos, h. v. Johannes van Gelder. 248,249 193,194 Heyman Koning, en syn huysvr. Marritje

Andries. 250,251 195 Metje Davids, wed. van Abraham Kermer.

252, 253 196, 197 Jan Willemszen Room, en syn h. Maria Bas-

tiaens. 254, 255 198 Annetje Ackerman, h. v. Daniel Pieterszen.

256, 257 199, 200 Arent Fredericxen, en syn huysv. Sara Theu-

nis. 258,259 201,202 Jeuriaen Nagel, en syn huysv. Jannetjc

Philips. 260, 261 203, 204 Willem Peers, en syn huysv. Grietje Kierse.

7. Bever Straet, (Beaver Street.) (Between Broadway and Broad Street.)

262 205 Jacob Kolve,

263, 264 206 Janneken Lucas, h. v. Jacob van Sauen.

265, 266 207, 208 Jacob Phcenix, en syn huysv. Anna van Vleck.

267, 268 209 Engeltje Hercx, h. v. Jan Evertzen.

269,270 210,211 Hendrick Bosch, en syn huysv. Egbertje

Dircx.

271,272 212 Catalina de Vos, h. v. Nicolaes de Pu.

273 213 Jacob de Koninck.

274 214 Henricus Selyns.

275,276 215,216 Hendrick Boelen, en syn huysv. Anneken

Coert. 277,278 217,218 Cornelis van der Cuyl, en syn huysv. Lysbeth

Arents. 279, 280 219 Sara Waldron, h. v. Laurens Colevelt. 281,282 220,221 M"^- Abraham de la noy, en svn h. Cornelia

Toll.

8. Morckvelt Straet, (Marketfield Street.)

283, 284 222, 223 Jan Adamszen Metselaer, en syn h. Geertje

Dircks. 285, 286 224, 225 Herman de Grauw, en syn huysv. Styntje van

Steenbergen. 287,288 226,227 Dirck Janszen de Groot, en syn h. Rachel

Philips.

Name- Member-Number. Number.

289, 290 228 Baetje Jans, h. v. Pieter Meyer. 291, 292 229, 230 Arent Leendertszen de Grauw, en h. Maria

Hendricks.

9. Brouwers Straet, ["Brewer's Street."] {Stone St., between Whitehall and Broad Sts.)

293 231 de H""- Frederick Philipszen.

294 232 Johanna van Swanenburg.

295, 296 233 Anna Blanck, h. v. Joris Brugwerton. 297, 298 234 Janneken de Key, h. v. Jeremias Thotill. 299, 300 235, 236 Isaac de Foreest, en syn huysv. Lysbeth van

der Spiegel. 301, 302 237 Sarah Philips, wed. v. Isaac de Foreest.

303, 304 238, 239 Jan Dircxen, en syn huysvr. Baertje Kip. 305,306 240,241 de H""- Stephanus van Cortlant, en syn h.

Geertruyd Schuyler. 307 242 Jacobus van Cortlant.

308, 309 243 Juffr. Susanna Schrick, h. v. den H'^- Anthony

Broeckholt. 310, 311 244 Sara van der Spiegel, h. v. Rip van Dam.

312 245 Johannes van der Spiegel.

313,314 246 Arriaentje Gerrits, h. v. Pieter Janszen.

10. Bruff Straet, (Bridge Street).

315,316 247,248 Otto Gerritszen, en syn huysvr. Engeltje

Pieters. 317,318 249,250 Jeremias Janszen, en syn huysvr. Catharina

Rappailje. 319,320 251 Metje Grevenraedt, wed. van Anthony

Janszen. 321 252 Abraham Kip.

322, 323 253, 254 Abraham Janszen, en syn huysv. Tryntje Kip.

324 255 Maria Abrahams.

325, 326 256, 257 M""- Hartman Wessels, en sj^n huysv. Lysbeth

Jans Cannon. 327 258 Catharina Alexanders.

328, 329 259, 260 Andries Meyert, en syn huysv. Vrouwtje van

Vorst. 330>33i 261,262 Jan der Vail, en syn huysv. Catharina van

Cortlant.

II. Heeren Gracht, west zyde, ["Main Ditch,

west side"]. (Broad Street, west side.)

332 263 Carel Lodewycx.

333 264 Johannes Provoost.

334> 335 265, 266 Brandt Schuyler, en syn huysvr. Cornelia van

Cortlant.

Name- Member-Number. Number.

33^, 337 267, 268 M^- Hans Kierstede, en syn huysv. Janneken

Loockermans.

338 269 Evert Arentszen.

339 270 Isaac Arentszen,

340, 341 271 Maria Bennet, h. v. Jacobus Verhulst,

342,343 272, 273 Pieter Abrahamsz. van Duursen, en syn h.

Hester Webbers. 344 274 Helena Fellaert.

345, 346 275 Harmentje Dircx, h. v. Thomas Koock.

347, 348 276, 277 Dirck ten Eyck, en syn huysv. Aechtje Boelen. 349. 350 278, 279 D""- Johannes Kerfbyl, en syn huysv. Catharina

Rug. 351 280 Margareta Hagen.

352, 353 281 Aecht Jans, wed v. Pieter van Naerden.

354 282 Tryntje Pieters.

355> 356 283, 284 Hendrick Jansz. van Feurden, en syn h. Sara

Thomas. 357. 358 285,286 Boele Roelofzen, en syn huysvr. Bayken

Arents. 359.360 287,288 Cornelis Quick, en syn huysvr. Maria van

Hoogten. 361,362 289,290 Theunis de Key, en syn huysvr. Helena van

Brug. 363, 364 291 Agnietje Bonen, h. v. Lodewyck Post. 365, 366 292, 293 Gerrit Leydecker en syn huysvr. Neeltje van

der Cuyl. 367, 368 294,295 Hendrick Kermer, en syn huysvr. Annetje

Thomas. 369,370 296,297 Jan Janszen Moll, en syn huysvr. Engeltje

Pieters. 371,372 298,299 Jacob Boelen, en syn huysvr. Catharina Clock. 373. 374 300. 30^ Dirck Franszen, en syn huysvr. Urseltje

Schepmoes. 375. 376 302 Lysbeth Jacobzen, wed. van Wybrant Abra-

hamszen. 377. 378 303 Magdaleentje Duurstede, h. v. M""- Hermanus

Wessels. 379. 380 304, 305 Johannes Kip, en syn huysvr. Catharina Kierstede.

Diaconie 's Huys. (Deacons' House for the Poor in Broad Street.)

381,382 306,307 Willem Jansz. Room, en syn huysv. Marritje

Jans.

Geertie Jans, w. v. Reyer Stoffelzen. Jannetje Hendricx, h. v. Cregera Golis. Albert Cuynen, en syn huysv. Trjutie Jans. Lysbeth Jacobs, wed. Jacob Mens.

[8]

Name- Member-Number. Number.

391)392 313 Clara Ebel, h. v. Pieter Ebel.' 393) 394 3M Styntie Paulus, w. v. Paulus Jurxen.

395) 396 315) 316 Isaac van Vleck, en syn huysvr. Catalina de

la Noy.

Metje Thomas, h. v. Jan Corszen.

Rutgert Willemszen, en syn huysv, Gysbertje

Mauri ts.

Magdaleentje Rutgers, h. v. Joris Walgraef.

397.398 317 399,400 318,319

401,402 320

12. Heerengrncht, oost-zyde. (Broad Street, east side.)

403,404 321,322 Hendrick Arentsz, en syn huysv. Cathan'na

Hardenbroeck. 405, 406 323 Anna Thyssen, h. v. Hendrick Romers. 407, 408 324 Marritje Cornelis h. v. Claes Franszen. 409, 410 325 Anna Wallis, w. v. Wolfert Webber. 411,412 326,327 Albertus Ringo, en syn huysv. Jannetje

Stoutenburg. 413,414 328,329 Jan de la Montagne, en syn huysv. Annetje

Waldrons. 415,416 330 Jannetie van Laer, h. v. Simon Breestede. 417,418 331 Catharina Kregiers, wed. v. Nicasius de Silla.

419, 420 332, 333 Leendert de Kleyn, en syn huysv. Magdalena

Wolsum. 421, 422 334 Maria Pieters, h. v. Joris Janszen.

423, 424 335, 336 Huyg Barentszen de Kleyn, en syn h. Mayken

Bartels. 425 337 Pieter Stoutenburg.

426,427 338, 339 Willem Waldron, en syn huysv. Engeltje

Stoutenburg. 428, 429 340 Maria Bon, h. v. Jillis Provoost. 430, 431 341 Grietie Jillis, wed. van David Provoost.

432, 433 342 Catharina van der Veen, h. v. Jonathan Provoost. 434) 435 343) 344 J^" Willemsz. Neering, en syn h. Catharina

de Meyert. 436, 437 345 Gees'e Idens, wed. van Pieter Nys. 438, 439 346, 347 Jacob Mauritszen, en syn huysv. Grietje van

der Grift. 440, 441 348, 349 Willem Bogardus, en syn huvsv. Walburg de

Silla. 442, 443 350 Kniertje Hendricx, h. v. Claes Lock. 444,445 351 Cornelia Lubberts, wed. v. Johannes de Peys-

ter.

'Edition A (Dr. De Witt's of 1841) and its Copy Ai (Valentine's of 1853) give the names of these inhabitants of the Deacons' House

at the end of the Heerengracht, west zyde, instead of at this proper place.

Name- Member-Number. Number.

446, 447 352, 353 Paulus Schrick, en syn huysv. Maria de Peys-

ter. 448, 449 354, 355 Jan Vincent, en syn huysvr. Annetje Jans. 450, 451 356, 357 Arent Isaczen, en syn huysv. Elisabeth Stevens.

13. Hoog Street, ["High Street."] (Stone Street, between Broad and William Sts.)

452,453 358, 359 Reynier Willemszen, en syn huysv. Susanna

Arents.

454 360 Tryntie Reyniers.

455 361 Geertruyd Reyniers.

456, 457 362, 363 Adolph Pietersen de Groef, en syn h. Aefje

Dircks.

458 364 Agnietie de Groef.

459 365 Maria de Groef.

460, 461 366, 367 M'". Evert Keteltas, en syn h. Hillegond Joris. 462, 463 368 Anna Hardenbroeck, h. v. John Lillie.

464 369 Johannes Hardenbroeck.

465,466 370,371 Jacob Abrahamszen Santvoort, en^ Magdalena

van Vleck. 467, 468 372, 373 Laurens Holt, en syn huj'sv. Hilletje Laurens. 469, 470 374 Janneken van Dyck, h. v. Jan Coeley.

471 375 Lysbeth Coely.

472, 473 376, 377 Barent Coert, en syn huysv. Christina Wessels. 474, 475 378 Geertruyd Barents, wed. v. Jan Hybon.

476, 477 379 Sara Ennes, h. v. Barent Hybon. 478, 479 380, 381 de H""- Nicolaes de Meyert, en syn h. Lidia

van Dyck. 480 382 Lysbeth de Meyert.

481, 482 383 Christina Steentjes, h. v. Guiljam d' Honnour.

483, 484 384, 385 Claes Jansz. Stavast, en syn huysv. Aefje

Gerrits. 485, 486 386, 387 Evert Wessels, en syn huysv. Jannetje Stavast 487, 488 388, 3S9 Laurens Wessels, en syn huysv. Aeltje Jans. 489, 490 390 Anneken Duycking, h. v. Johannes Hooglant. 491,492 391,392 Franz Goderus, en syn huysv. Rebecca Idens. 493. 494 393. 394 Jan Jansz. van Langendyck, en syn h. Grietje

Wessels. 495,496 395,396 Jan Harberdinck, en syn huysv. Mayken

Barents. 497, 498 397, 398 Gerrit Duycking, en syn huysv. Maria Abeel. 499, 500 399 Christina Cappoens, w. v. David Jochemszcn. 501, 502 400 Anna Tobbelaer, w. v. Elias de Winder. 503, 504 401 Marritje Andrees, w. v. Jan Breestede.

505, 506 402, 403 Hendrick Wesselsz. ten Broeck, en 5311 h.

Jannetje Breestede. 507 404 Geertruyd Breestede.

*SicI

Name- Member-Number. Number. 508, 509 405, 406 de H""- Nicolaes de Bayard, en syn h. Judith

Verleth. 510 407 Frangina Hermans.

511,512 408,409 Evert Duycking, en syn huysv. Hendrickje

Simons. 513,514 410 Cytie Duycking, h. v. Willem Block. 515.516 411,412 Anthony de Mill, en syn huysv. Elisabeth van

der Liphorst.

517 413 Pieter de Mill.

518 414 Sara de Mill.

519,520 415,416 de Heer Abraham de Peyster, en syn h.

Catharina de Peyster. 521, 522 417 Jannetje Schouten, h. v. Pieter Stephenszen.'

14. Slyck Straet, ["Mud Street."] (South William Street.)

523,524 418,419 Jan Hendr. van Bommel, en syn h. Annetje

Abrahams. 525, 526 420 Geertruyd de Haes, h. v. Jan Kroeck. 527, 528 421 Emmerentje Laurens, wed. van Hendrick

Oosterhaven. 529 422 Leendert Oosterhaven.

15. Princen Straet, ["Prince's Street."] (Beaver Street between Broad and William Sts.)

530,531 423,424 Jan Langstraeten, en syn huysv. Marritje

Jans. 532, 533 425 Albertje Jans, h. v. Jan Janszen van Quist-

hout. 534 426 Susanna Barents.

535. 536 427, 428 Hendrick de Foreest, en syn huysv. Femmetje

Flaesbeeck. 537. 538 429,430 Barent Flaesbeeck, en syn huysv. Marritje

Hendricks. 539) 540 431 Susanna Verleth, h. v. M""- Jan de Foreest.

541, 542 432 Metje Pieters, h. v. Jan Pieterszen. 543, 544 433,434 Nicolaes Janszen, en syn huysv. Janneken

Kiersen. 545, 546 435 Annetje Jans, h. v. William Moore. 547, 548 436, 437 Ambrosius de Waran, en syn huysv. Adriaentje

Thomas. 549, 550 438 Susanna de Negrin,^ h. v. Thomas de Moor.'

*Not in Wilson at all. 'The Negress.

•The Moor. [11]

Name- Member-Number. Number.

16. Koninck Straet, ["King Street."]

551> 552 439 Elsje Borger, h. v. Jan Sipkens.

553> 554 44O) 441 Cornells Pluvier, en syn huysv. Neeltje van

Couwenhoven, 555> 556 442, 443 Frederick Hendrickszen, en syn huysv. Styntjc

Jans. 557> 558 444 Geesje Schuurmans, wed. v. Bruyn Hage.

559 445 Lysbeth Schuurmans.

560,561 446,447 Jacob Franszen, en syn huysv. Magdalena

Jacobs.

17. Smit Straet, ["Smith Street."] (JVilliam Street, below Wall Street.)

562, 563 448 Cornelia Roos, w. v. Elias Provoost.

564, 565 449, 450 Jan Vinge, en syn huysv. Wiesken Huypkens.

566,567 451,452 Assuerus Hendricks, en syn huysv. Neeltje

Jans. 568, 569 453 Hester Pluvier, h. v. Thymon Franszen. 570)571 454.455 J^n Meyert, en syn huysv. Anna van Vorst. 572, 573 456, 457 Pieter Janszen, en syn huysv. Lysbeth Frans

van Hoogten. 574t 575 458, 459 Jan Janszen van Flensburg, en h. Willemtie

de Kleyn, 576, 577 460 Francyntje Stultheer, h. v. Jan Wesselszen.' 578, 579 461, 462 Laurens Hendrickszen, en syn huysv, Marritje

Jans. 580, 581 463,464 Hendrick van Dorsum, en syn h. Marritje

Cornelis.

582 465 Jannetje Cornelis, h. v. .*

583, 584 466, 467 Thymon van Boisum, en syn huysv. Grietje

Focken. 585 468 Wyd Timmer.

586. 587 469 Geertie Langendyck, w. v. Dirck Dye. 588, 589 470 Jannetje Dye, h. v. Frans Cornelisen. 590> 591 471)472 Jan Pietersen Bosch, en syn h. Jannetje

Barents. 592, 593 473 Jannetje Frans, h. v. Wiljam Buyell. 594) 595 474) 475 David Provoost, en syn huysv. Tryntje Laurens. 596, 597 476 Tryntje Reyniers, w. v. Meynardt Barentzen 598, 599 477 Marritje Pieterszen, h. v. Jan Pieterszen.

^ Not in Wilson at all.

[12]

' Name of husband omitted in original manuscript.

Name- Member-Number. Number.

a. *'s Smits Vallye, ["Smith's Valley."] (The East River Shore above Wall Street, Maiden Lane.)

600, 601 478 Lysbeth Lubberts, wed. v. Dirck Fluyt.

602 479 Jan Janszen van Langedyck.

603 480 Pieter Janszen van Langedyck.

604,605 481,482 Herman Janszen, en syn huysv. Brechtie

Elswaert. 606, 607 483 Tryntie Hadders, h. v. Albert Wantenaer. 608, 609 484 Hilletje Pieters, wed. v. Corn. Clopper.

610 485 Johannes Clopper.

611,612 486 Margareta Vermeulen, w. v. Hendr. van de

Water. 613 487 Adriaentie van de Water.

614,615 488,489 Abraham Moll, en syn huysv. Jacomyntie van

Dartelbeeck. 616,617 490 Tytie Liphens, w. v. Jan Roelofszen. 618,619 491,492 Wilhelmus de Meyert, en syn h. Catharina

Bayard. 620, 621 493, 494 Jacob Swart, en syn huysv. Teuntje Jacobs. * All the following places where outside the City Walls.

622, 623 495 Sara Joosten h. v. Isaac de Mill.

624,625 496,497 Dirck van de Clyff, en syn huysv. Geesje

Hendricks.

626, 627 498 Styntje Jans, h. v. Joost Carelszen.

628,629 499, 500 Willem Hellaecken, en syn huysv. Tryntie

Boelen.

630,631 501 Anna Maria Engelbert, h. v. Clement Els-

waert.

632, 633 502, 503 Wilhelmus Beeckman, en syn h. Catharina de

Boog.

634, 635 504, 505 Johannes Beeckman, en syn h. Aeltje Thomas.

b. Buyten de Landtpoort, ["Beyond the Country-gate."]

(Broadway, above Wall Street.)

636, 637 506 Anneken Schouten, h. v. Theunis Dey.

c. Over 't Versch Water, ["Beyond the Fresh Water."]

(The old pond at Kalck-hoek, or The Collect.) 638,639 507, 508 Wolfert Webber, en syn huysv. Geertruyd

Hassing. 640, 641 509 Neeltje Cornelis, h. v. Hendrick Corneliszen. 642,643 510,511 Arie Corneliszen, en syn h. Rebecca Idens. 644,645 512,513 Frangiscus Bastiaensz. en syn h. Barbara Emanuels.^

' These were Negroes.

Name- Member-Number. Number,

646,647 514)515 Salomon Pieters, en syn h. Marritie Anthony. 648,649 516,517 Anthony Sarley, en syn huysv. Josyntie

Thomas. 650, 651 518, 519 Frangois van der Koeck, en syn h. Wyntie de

Vries.

652,653 520, 521 Daniel de Clerck, en syn huysv. Grietie

Cozyns.

654! 655 522, 523 Cozyn Gerritszen, en syn huysv. Vrouwtje

Gerrits.

656,657 524, 525 Jan Thomaszen, en syn huysv. Appolonia

Cornells.

658, 659 526, 527 Pieter Janszen, en syn huysv. Marritje Jacobs. 660, 661 528, 529 Jacob Kip, en syn huysvr. Maria de la Mon-

tagne. 662 530 Maria Kip.

663,664 531 Juffr. Judith Isendoorn, w. v. den H'' Petrus

Stuyvensant.' 665,666 532, 533 Nicolaes Willem Stuyvesant, en h. Lysbeth

Slichtenhorst. 667, 668 534 Marritie Jacobs, h. v. Gys Servaes.

669 535 Abraham van de Woestyne.

670 536 Catalyntie van de Woestyne.

671, 672 537 Ibel Bloottgoet, h. v. Ide Ariaenszen.

673, 674 538, 539 Pieter Jacobszen, en syn h. Belitie Ariens.

675,676 540, 541 Jan de Groot, en syn huysv. Margrietie

Gerrits.

677, 678 542, 543 Jacob de Groot, en syn huysv. Grietie Jans.

679, 680 544, 545 Jillis Mandevil, en syn huysv. Elsje Hendricx.

681 546 Grietje Mandevil.

682, 683 547, 548 Egbert Fockenszen, en syn huysv. Elsje Lucas.

684, 685 549, 550 Johannes Thomaszen, en syn h. Aefje Jacobs.

686,687 551, 552 Johannes van Couwenhoven, en h. Sara Frans.

d. Jen de Grote Kil, ["By the Great Kill."]

688, 689 553, 554 Conradus van Beeck, en syn h. Elsje Jans.

690 555 Claes Emanuels. \ 2

691 556 Jan de Vries. \ "^^^'■^•

c. Boschwyck, [Bushwick.]* 692, 693 557 Lysbeth Jans, h. v. Joost Kockuyt.'

* Do Selyns spells his name Stuyrensant, Stuyvesant and in the Banns Stuyvsant (Stuyvsants Bou-

werye). ° Negroes. ' Omitted in Wilson.

Name- Member-Number. Number.

f. Armc Bouwerye, ["Poor Farm."]* (Steinway, L. I.)

694, 695 558, 559 696,697 560

698 699, 700 701, 702 703, 704

561 562

563 564, 565

Arnout Webber, en syn h. Janneken Cornells. Margariet Meyrinck, h. v. Hendrick Marten-sen.

Abraham Rycking.

Wyntie Theunis, wed. van Herck Tiebout. Annetje Claes, h. v. Theunis Corneliszen. M'- Daniel Mortenauw, en h. Theuntie Vermeere.

705, 706

g. Nieuw Thuyn, {Newtown.Y

566 Catharina Jans, h. v. Stoffel Gerritszen van Laer.^

SECTION II.

'This "Poor Farm" was given to the Collegiate Church by Deacon Jeurian Fradell about 1651. It contained about 140 ac-res, together with three of the neighljoring islands in the East River. It was still in possession of the church in 1686, as this item proves. It lay between Flushing Bay and Astoria,

and is now covered by Steinway. The locality was known as the "Poor Bowery" until after 1850. The name still persists in "Bowery Bay" near by.

For map and further particulars, see Riker's Newtown, 21-23, 35-

37, 73-.

^ Omitted in Wilson.

Seal of New York 1787

, SECTION 11.

LIST OF THE NUMBER OF MINOR CHILDREN OF THE MEMBERS

of the

DUTCH REFORMED CHURCH IN NEW YORK IN 1686,

Arranged According to the Streets of the City,

By Dom. Henricus Selyns, in 1686.

Kinderen der voorschr(even) ledematen, die minderjarig en geen ledematen zyn.*

The Names of the Streets.^

I. The Original Dutch.

II. The English Translation.

III. The Mod- The No. o, em Equivalents. Children

1. Op de Brede weg.-On Broadway Broadway loi

2. Op de Beurs-straet.. On Exchange Street.... Whitehall Street.... ii

3. Op Paerl-straet On Pearl Street Pearl St. bet. State

and Whitehall Sts. 5s

4. Langs Strant .Along the shore North side of Pearl

St. and Hanover Sq. to Wall St. %%

S.Langs de Wal Along the wall South side of Wall

St 26

6. Op dt Nieuw-straet. On New Street New Street 28

7. Op de Beverstraet.. On Beaver Street Beaver St. bet.

Broadway and

8. Op de Markvelt Broad St 23

straet On Marketfield Street . .Marketfield Street... 13

9. Op de Brouwers

straet On Brewer's Street Stone St. bet. Whitehall & Broad. .25(35)

10. Op de Brug straet.. On Bridge Street Bridge Street 19

11. Op de Heerengracht,

west zyde On the Main Ditch,

west side Broad Street, west

12. Op de Heerengracht, side 73

oost zyde On the Main Ditch,

east side Broad Street, east

13. Op Hoog straet side 4.1

On High Street Stone St. bet. Broad

14. Op Zlvck straet and William Sts. 72

On Mud Street South William Street 5

* Children of the previously written members, who are under-age

and not members. 'Column II and III are added.

SECTION II—Continued The Names of the Streets

I. The Original Dutch.

15. Op Prince straet....

16. Op the Koning

straet

17. Op de Smits straet.

In de Smits Valley. . Buyten de landt-poort

Over °t Versch Water

Op the buytenplaat-sen

II. The English III. The Mod- The No. of Translation. em Equivalents. Children

On Prince Street Beaver St. bet.

Broad and William Sts.* 23

On King Street Pine Street 14

On Smith Street William St. below

Wall St. ........ 42

In Smith's Valley The East River

Shore above Wall

Beyond the Country St 44

gate Broadway above

Wall Street 2

Beyond the Fresh-Water

In places around the city

Total 698 (708)

' End of a page in the original MS.

There is written: "facit van kin-deren": 606 (altogether 606 children). This number can not be reached unless the number of children in "Brouwer straet" be 35. But in the manuscript this number

seems to have been changed. It reads now clearly 25.

The number of children at the end of the page in the manuscript should therefore be 596 instead of 606, and the total 698 instead of 708. The original manuscript does not give the total.

SECTION III.

Seal of New Yoik 1787

SECTION III.

MARRIAGE ENTRIES

of the

DUTCH REFORMED CHURCH

at New York, FROM JUNE 14, 1686, to APRIL 23, 1687.

(Banns read.) 1686. den 14 Junl (June 14).

Voor de derdcmale (For the third time).

Zeger Corn, van Egmont, j. m.' van (from) N. Albanien, en Femmetje Laurens Zluys, j. d. van (from) N. Yorck. Beyde wonende Alhier."

Simon van Breedstede, j. m. van (from) N. Yorke, Janneken van Laer, j. d. als voren.' Beyde wonende Alhier.

Johannes Hardenbroeck, j. m. van (from) Amsterd(am). Sara van Laer, j. d. van (from) N. Yorke. Beyde wonende alhier.

Hermen Douwensz. Taelman, j. m. van (from) Amsterdam, en Grietie Minnens, j. d. van (from) N. Amersfort. d'Eerste wonende op Tappan, en tweede op Haverstroo. (The one living at Tappan, the other at Haverstroo.)

1686.

June 14. Voor de Eerste male (For the first time). Simon Claeszen, j. m. van (from) Oosthuysen, en Tryntie Gerrits, j. d. van (from) Kyckuyt, beyde wonende alhier. den 20 Juni (June 20).

Voor de twedemale (For the second time).

Simon Claeszen, j. m. van (from) Oosthuysen, en Tryntie Gerrits, j. d. van (from) Kyckuyt, beyde wonende tot (at) N, Yorke.

den 27 Jun. (Jun. 27).

Voor de derdemale (For the third time).

Simon Claeszen, j. m. van (from) Oosthuysen, en Tr5'ntie Gerrits, j. d. van (from) Kyckuyt.

'J. m. = jong man = young man rnr bachelor.

j. d. ■=: jonge dochter = young

daughter.

^ Both living here. * As above.

Voor de Eerstemale (For the first time). Isaac Arentszen, j. m. v. (from) N, Albanien, en Anna Populaer, w®.^ v. Ellas de Windel. alle wonende alhier.

1686. July 4.

Voor de twedemale (For the second time).

Isaac Arentszen, j. m. van (from) N. Alb(anien). Anna Populaer, wed^, van Elias de Windel.

den II Jul. (July 11).

Voor de derdemale (For the third time). Isaac Arentszen, j. m. v. (from) N. Albanien, Anna Populaer, wed. v. Elias Windel. beyde wonende alhier.

Voor de Eerstemale (For the first time).

Jan Dircxen, j. m, v. (from) N, Yorke, en Catalina Cloppers, j. d. als boven, beyde wonende alhier.

Barent Liewits, j. m. van (from) N. Yorke,

Johanna van der Poel, j. d. van (from) Renselaerswyck.

den 18 Jul. (July 18).

Voor de twedemale. Jan Dircxen, j. m. van N. York, Catalina Cloppers, j. d. als boven. beyde wonende alhier.

Barent Liewents, j. m. v. (from) N. Yorke,

Johanna van der Poel, j. d. v. (from) Renselaerswyck.

1686. July 18.

Voor de Eerstemale (For the first time). Jan Eewetsen, j. m. van de (from the) Beets, en Lysbeth Pluviers, j. d. van (from) N. Yorke.

den 25 Jul. (July 25).

Voor de derdemale (For the third time).

Jan Dircxen, j. m. van (from) N, Yorke, en Catalina Cloppers, j. d. als boven, beyde woonende alhier.

' we. V. (wed. e v.) =: wednwe van = widow of.

Barent Liewents, j. m. van (from) N. Yorke, en Johanna van der Poel, j. d. van (from) Renselaerswyck, d'Eerste woonende alhier, en twede op Rensl. (The one living here, the other at Renselaerswyck.)

Voor de Twedenmale (For the second time). Jan Eewetsen, j. m. van de (from the) Beets, en Lysbeth Pluviers, j. d. van N. Yorke. beyde woonende alhier.

En voor de Eerstemale (For the first time). Simon Corniel, w^.' van Claesje petit Mangin, en Theuntje Walings, wed^. van Corn. Jacobszen. beyde woonende alhier.

[21 (?)-3 Sept.r III. Evert Arentszen, j. m. N. Yorck.

Johanna van Spyck, j. d. Middleburg. beyde wonende alhier.

[Sept.]' Avontmael. (Holy Communion.)

[lo Sept.-(?)] III. Aert Theunissen Lanen, j. m. van (from) N. Uytrecht, en Neeltje Jans van Thuyl, j. d. van (from) N. Yorke. d'Eerste wonende op n. Uytrecht en twede alhier. (The one living at New Utrecht, the other here.)

[11-29 Sept.] III. Pieter Janszen Bogaert, j. m. van (from) Leerdam, en Fytie Thyssen, j. d. van N. Albanien.

d'Eerste wonende op N. Haerlem, en twede op Stuyvsants bouwerye. (The one living at N. Haerlem, the other at Stuyvesant's Bowery.)

[19 Sept.—13 Oct.] III. Barent Janszen, j. m. v. (from) Midwout, en

Marritje Brouwers, wed^. van Jacob Pieterszen, bevde wonende alhier.

1686.

III.

[2-20 Oct.]

Henricus Selyns, wed"" van Machteld Specht, en

Margareta de Riemer, wed'^ van den H"" Cornelis Steenwyck.

bevde wonende alhier.

* wr. = weduwnaer = widower.

' From here on the MS. gives no dates.

The number of the Banns are indicated, however: I, II or III. The official Church Records give the date of the Registration and of the

Marriage; the dates of the publication of the Banns must fall between those dates. They are therefore given here.

° This shows again Do Selyns' use of the Notebook on the pulpit.

[2-20 Oct.] III. Isaac Kip, j. m., en

Sara de Mill, j. d. beyde gebooren en wonende alhier. (Both born and living here.)

[i6 Oct.—19 Nov.]

I. Willem Teller de Jonge, j. m. van (from) N. Albanien, en Rachel Kierstede, j. d. van (from) N. Yorcke. beyde wonende alhier.

[26 Nov.—15 Dec]

III. Willem Willemszen Bennet, j. m. vande Gujanen (from Gowanus, en Ariaentje van de Water, j, d. van (from) N. Yorke.

d'Eerste wonende op Gujanen en twede alhier. (The one living at Gowanus, the other here.)

1687.

[26 Mar.— ?]

III. Revnier van Zicklen, en Janneken van Houw.

d'Eerste wonende op N. Amersfoort, en twede alhier. (The one living at N. Amersfoort, the other here.)

[31 Mar.— ?] III. Jan Strycker, laest wed"" van (late widower of) Swaentie Jans, en Theuntie Theunis, laest wed^ van (late widow of) Jacob Hellacken.

d'Eerste wonende tot Midwout en twede alhier. (The one living at Midwout, the other here.)

1687.

[15 Apr.—II May.] III. Laurens Thomaszen, j. m. v. (from) N. York, en Catharina Lievens, j. d. als boven. beyde wonende alhier.

[15 Apr.—II May.]

III. Jacob Corneliszen, j. m. van (from) Vlissingen, en Aeltje Fredericx, j. d. van (from) N. Yorck. beyde wonende alhier.

[23 Apr.—II May.]

Jan Meet, j. m. van (from) Oudt Amersfoort in "t Sticht van Utrecht (old Amersfoort in the Province of Utrecht, Netherlands) en Grietie Mandevil, j. d. van (from) N. Amersfoort of °t Lange Eylt. (N. Amersfoort on Long Island.) beyde wonende alhier.

A RELIC OF THE NORTH DUTCH CHURCH

The above is a facsimile of the plate, nine inches square, which was found under the pillar supporting the gallery nearest the pulpit. The church was erected in 1769 and was especially built for English preaching; the failure to have the services conducted in the English tongue having previously led to the withdrawal of individuals and families to the Episcopal Church, in the communion of which will still be found some of the early and timehonored Dutch names. The plate, therefore, is interesting on account of its local associations, but its historical importance is enhanced by the fact that it is a memorial of the great transition which the community made from the tongue of Grotius and William the Silent to that of Milton and Hooker.

SECTION IV.

SECTION IV.

HISTORICAL NOTES

ABOUT THE CITY OF NEW YORK,

FROM I dog TO 1792,

By Garret Abeel, 1791-2. Table of Contents of Section IV.

PAGE I. Miscellaneous Items:—Building of the church in the fort, 1642. Building of the fort, 1623. The houses in the fort; burned 1741. Unsuccessful attempt to save the stamp paper in the fort, 1765; final dismantling of the fort, 1791; vaults under the fort; location of first fort; of second fort 25

Houses built first under the walls of the fort; then at lower end of Pearl Street. A canal on Broad Street. Wall across the island. The Fresh Water Pond. Windmills. Indian trade in the city 27

Hudson's discovery; abundance of fruit, fish, game; intercourse with the natives; New York Bay; Indians on Manhattan, hostile; those on the west shore of the river, friendly; voyage up the river; extract from Hudson's journal; his return to Europe; fur trade begun at Fort Orange. Other forts 28

Fort and town on York Island, 1612; slow settlement under West India Company; Land given to servants of the Company. Coming in of New Englanders 33

Connecticut River lost to the Dutch; English claims to Long Island 34

2. Items about the Alms House, etc., in New

York; number of inmates; cost; statistics 35

3. Items

PAGE

3. Items about the incorporation of churches; the Dutch Church; the Anglican Church; Presbyterian Church; the Baptist Church 36

4. Items about the Dutch Church Buildings; the church in the fort, 1642; description of the Garden Street Church, 1693; customs as to church collections; description of the New Church on Nassau Street, 1729; the North Church, 1769; pewter plate giving dates connected with the building of this church, put under one of the pillars by Garret Abeel, the writer of these Articles.^ Call of Domine Laidlie. North Church used as

a prison in the Revolution 37

5. Items about church buildings of other Denominations:

(i) Trinity Church and its chapels 39

(2) Presbyterian Churches 39

(3) Scotch Presbyterian Church 39

(4) Baptist Church 39

(5) Lutheran Churches 39

(6) Methodist Churches 39

(7) An Independent Congregation 39

(8) German Calvinists 39

(9) The Jews 40

(10) The Roman Catholics 40

6. Items about the Jail and Court House 40

7. Items about the Bridewell or House of Correction; the Poor House; the Hospital 41

8. Items about manufactories 41

9. The City Library 42

10. The Government House 42

11. Columbia College and the Regents of the University 43

12. Historical Account of New York; Hudson's discovery; his sad fate. Fort Orange. Forts on Manhattan. The King's Garden. Trinity Church.

The

^ It was the discovery of this plate in 1875, at the taking down of the North Church, which, for

the first time identified Garret Abeel as the writer. See page 22 of this volume.

PAGE The West India Company; bounds of New Neth-erland. Fort Amsterdam. The Church in the fort. Residences in the fort. Equipment of the fort. Burning of the fort and its buildings 43

Mob resisting the deposition of the stamp paper in the fort in 1765; burning of the Governor's coach, etc.; delivery of the stamp paper to the Common Council; dismantling of the fort, 1791; its stones used in building the Government House. Coffin of Lady Bellomont found. Different names of the fort 45

Reasons why so few Hollanders came to New York. Population at different periods; the first streets 48

Number of vessels trading at New York, from 1678 to 17^0. Militia at several periods. Exports and imports at several periods 49

Fortifications at different periods; peculiar methods of taxation, 1703, to raise money for batteries; built in several places; number of cannon, etc. Removal of cannon from the city in 1776.. . 51

Census at»dififerent periods 53

Story of the several markets 54

Description of the site of the city. The wharves. The streets. The government 56

Prices of meat, of fish, of oysters; of vegetables. Indescribable plenty of everything 59

I. Miscellaneous Items.

"By a stone found under the ruins of the first church the Dutch had in Fort Amsterdam on the Island of Manhattan, now New York City, then New Amsterdam, (it was learned) that it was built in 1642, William Kieft being Director-General."

"After the Dutch had got permission of the natives to build a Fort on the Island of New York, in the year 1623, they built it in the form of a regular square with

four

four Bastions, on a point of land at the entrance of the North and East Rivers, where now the Government House is built. At different periods this fort has been strengthened by making the wall of stone thicker, with first one and then another wall outside of the first wall. The Dutch Director-General and the Commander, besides the other officers, had houses within the fort, and in 1642 a church was built in the southeast corner. This church and (the) houses were burnt down in 1741. It had the secretaries office over the gate. The church was not rebuilt again, but the houses and barracks were; and the Governor's house was burnt again

in and rebuilt again in and again burnt down

in , after which it was not rebuilt."^

'Tn 1765 Governor Golden, who then resided in the fort, intending to receive into the same and to protect the stamp papers expected hourly from England, took into the fort Major James, and by his directions he had the ramparts of the fort prepared for defence or offence against the inhabitants by the forming of embrasures of cord-wood and dirt and by placing cannon in the same in the year 1765.

When the houses in the fort were burned down and the troops were removed out of the same, the inhabitants dismantled the fort, and pulled down to the ground the north curtain which faced the Broadway. In 1790 and 1791 the fort was entirely demolished and the stones sold or made use of towards building the Government House. The ground was all leveled so that no trace remains of the old fort or where it stood. When they were removing the ruins of the old church or chapel, several vaults were discovered. In one of them were found the remains of the body of the lady of Lord Bellamont in a leaden coffin."

"The first fort was built back of the old Lutheran Church, or rather a little lower down. As the ground round about the fort was improved as a Garden belonging to the States-General, the second fort was built at the point of land."

"After

«

^ On the opposite page to this account appears the followinfj: "N. B.—The account of the Fort is not

of the first but second fortification as I found out afterwards."

"After this fort was built by the Dutch the persons who came over from Holland to settle in America for the purpose of trading with the natives for furs, etc., and who could not reside in the fort, built houses under the walls of the fort, and formed the first street, which they called Pearl Street. From time to time as they grew in numbers and formed friendly intercourse with the natives, they increased the extent of the city, which must have contained a number of houses and streets in 1686, as appears by this book" (of Domine Selyns).

"We are informed that the Dutch in imitation of what is done in Holland, built dykes in Broad Street nearly as far as the City Hall. The posts were found standing about ten or twelve feet from the houses on each side of the way not long ago when the street was new paved."

"This city was enclosed with a wall or palisades about the year 16— (1653) from the North River near Trinity Church along Wall Street to the East River."

1744. "It had palisades with block houses surrounding it from river to river—from near the air furnace to the ship-yards," "at the edge of what was called the Meadows, on the west side. Not long before this, the water out of the Fresh Water or "Kollock," ran down to both rivers; to the North River by a ditch, and (to) the East River by a small rivulet, which with rains increased so wide as to require a log to be laid across to walk over. On the hill near the run was a windmill. Some years before this there was a windmill between what is called Crown Street" (now Fulton west of Broadway) "and Cortland Street. Here it was that not forty years ago, Indians, still residing in the lower parts of this State, at particular seasons of the year came to the city, and took up their residence near these mills until they had disposed of their peltry, brooms, shovels, trays and baskets. I have seen wheat growing in 1746 where now St. Paul's Church is built. Then there were not twenty houses from Division (Fulton?) Street to Fresh Water."

"I have seen in 1744 and afterwards several Indian canoes, one after another, come down the East and

North

North Rivers and land their cargoes in the basins near the Long Bridge, and take up their residence in the yard and storehouse of Adolph Philips. There they generally made up their baskets and brooms as they could better bring the rough material with them than the ready-made brooms and baskets. They brought with them, if they came from Long Island, quantities of dried clams strung on sea grass straw, which they sold or kept for their own provisions, besides the flesh of the animals they killed in hunt."

"Clams and oysters and fish must have formed the principal food, together with squashes and pompkins, of the natives of the lower part of the State; those who resided in the upper part, besides the fish in the rivers, water wild-fowl and animals of different kinds, Indian corn, squashes and pompkins. At particular times in the spring and fall (they) were visited with such amazing flights of wild pigeons that the sun was hid by their flocks from shining on the earth for a considerable time. Then it was that the natives laid in great store of them against a day of need, by killing them and drying them in the sun or smoking them over a fire, and afterwards packing them up in casks made of old hollow trees. The method they took to kill them was only to go among the trees where they roosted at night and beat them down with poles."

"Curious is the account given of this country by Hudson in his Journal when in 1609, he discovered the same. I have only extracts from it as published by Hartgers in 1642 in Dutch."

"In the year 1609, April 6th (O. S.), Captain Henry Hudson, an experienced English pilot, but in the service of the East India Company of the United States of Holland, left the Texel in a vessel called the Half Moon, navigated by twenty men, Dutch and English. He doubled the Cape of Norway and made toward Nova Sembla, but being impeded by the great cold and the ice, he formed a resolution of visiting the coast of America towards Virginia. July 8th, they arrived on the coast in the latitude 44 degrees, and were obliged to make a harbor in order to get a new foremast, having

lost

lost their old (one). They found a good one, and the natives were kind and willing to trade with them for different kinds of furs upon the most profitable terms. They found here also the greatest quantity of cod-fish. Hudson's men not using the natives well, but taking their effects from them without paying for them, a quarrel ensued, and Hudson was obliged to put to sea. And made land again on August 3d, on latitude 42 degrees. Coasting along from Cape Cod westward, they arrived at Sandy Hook, latitude 40 degrees, 30 minutes, September 12th, 1609. Finding a good entrance and harbor, they came to anchor behind the Hook; sent their boat to what is called Coney Island, lying near Long Island. This island they found to be chiefly a sort of white sand, such as is uncommon to them. Still, on this island, they found a vast number of red plum trees, loaded with fruit, and many of them surrounded and covered with grape vines of different kinds of grapes. There was the greatest plenty of snipe and other birds among the flowers and in the trees. While the ship lay at anchor the natives came on board from the Jersey shore, and traded very fair, giving in exchange for trifles, furs and skins of foxes and martens and other (animals). They brought also birds, fruit and white and blue grapes. What was remarkable, they had on their wrists and feet copper rings."^

"Hudson discovering that the bay was the mouth of an extensive river, weighed anchor and taking his course N. E. with his boat ahead to sound, proceeded up (the river). The boat on turning the point of the Narrows met unexpectedly with several canoes of Indians, who, being surprised and frightened, shot at the people in the boat, and killed one of them, named John Coleman, and then made off as fast as they could without being molested by the boat's crew. It was expected that this first instance of hostility would have broke off all intercourse with the natives, but the next day numbers of them came on board, and traded as freely as if nothing had happened."

"After the vessel had passed the Narrows they found a very fine bay, and in the bay at that time five islands;

the

'See footnote on page 31.

the one they called Nutten Island on account of the great quantity of nut trees growing on the same; the other four islands lay near the west shore, and were not so large. (N. B.—Only two of these islands are now remaining, but the rocks where the others lay are to be seen at low water.)"

''On the point of land where New York is built, they found living a very hostile people who would not deal or trade with them; but those who lived on the western shore, from the Kills upward, came daily on board the vessel while she lay at anchor in the river, bringing with them, to barter, furs and skins of different kinds, and the largest and finest oysters they had ever beheld; also Indian corn, beans, pumpkins, squashes and grapes, and some apples which they exchanged for trifles."

"Hudson proceeded with his boat up the North River, by them called the Great River Montan(us), and since then, Hudson's River. As he went up he found all the way the natives on the west shore more affable and friendly than those on the eastern shore. He discovered that on one side of the river the natives were at war with those on the other side. He proceeded up without molestation as far as he judged he could go with his ship, and then took to his boat to explore the river higher up. In his journal he gives the following account of his reception at a landing in latitude 42 degrees, 15 minutes." (Hudson.)

"I went on shore (he says) in one of their canoes, with an old man who was chief of forty men and women, whom I found in a house made of the bark of trees. The house was exceeding smooth and well finished within all around about. I found there a great quantity of Indian corn and beans. Indeed, there lay to dry near the house of those articles as much as would load three ships, beside what was still agrowing on the fields. When we came to the house two mats were spread to sit on. Immediately eatables were brought to us in red wooden bowls, well made, and two men were sent off with their bows and arrows to kill wild fowl. They soon returned with two pigeons. They also killed immediately a fat dog, and in a very little

time

time skinned it with shells they got out of the water. They expected I would have remained with them through the night, but this I did not care to do, and therefore went on board the ship again. It is the finest land for tilling my feet ever trod upon. There are also all sorts of trees, fit for building vessels, etc. The natives were exceeding kind and good tempered; for when they saw that I was making ready to return to the ship, and would not stay with them, judging it proceeded out of fear for their bows and arrows, they took them and broke them to pieces and threw them into the fire. He found growing here also grapes, plums, pumpkins and other fruit."

"The following account from his Journal giving an account of his entering the Hook-"^

"He says, upon my going on shore, after coming to anchor in the bay within the Hook, I found the natives standing along the shore and singing according to their manner. Their clothing was the skins of elks, foxes and other animals, dressed by them. Their food I found to be Turkey corn, Indian corn or maize, of which they bake cakes that are well tasted and good to eat. They came often on board the vessel after this in their canoes made of a yellow wood. Their arms I found to be bows and arrows with sharp stones at the end, fastened with pitch. Those I saw on shore had no houses, but slept in the open air; some on mats of straw sewed together; some on the leaves of the trees. They brought all their goods with them, especially food and wild tobacco, which is strong in taste, and good to chew. They appeared to be a friendly people, but are much inclined to steal and very cunning in carrying away anything they take a liking to."

"It is remarkable that wMierever mankind have been found in a state of nature, this evil disposition of stealing from strangers has always been found natural to them."^

"Hudson while with the Indians on shore, where Albany is now built, was very kindly treated by them, and got in exchange from (them) very valuable furs

for

' Abeel meant to insert these entries between those on p. 29.

for trifles. He was invited by signs to come and settle in the country, which they showed was at their service. In turning down the river, when they had gotten in or through the highlands, the Indians in their canoes being round about the ship, one of them climbed up by the stern rope ladder to the window, and took from thence sundry articles. Being seen by the mate, he shot at and killed him. After this all the Indian canoes hastened to the shore, nor could any of them be persuaded to come on board afterwards. The alarm had extended quite down to the Jersey shore, which put an end to their former friendly intercourse, and obliged Hudson to put to sea, October 4th, 1609."

"He arrived safely in Dartmouth, England, November 7th, 1609. From there he wrote to the Dutch West India Company who had employed him, and transmitted his journal and the account of his discoveries to them. In consequence of which the Company sent a ship to Hudson's River for trade in 1610. The captain, no doubt from the account given by Hudson of the hostile disposition of the natives residing along the lower part of the river, and the friendly disposition of those residing near where Albany is built, and also on account of the greater quantity of furs to be obtained there, were induced to fix their first trading place there, and in 1614 they obtained permission of the natives to build a small fort on an island lying a little below Albany on the west side. It was a redoubt with a ditch around it t8 feet wide."

"It had t^vo brass guns and eleven iron ones mounted and was defended by twelve soldiers. The officer that commanded it was Hendrick Christianz; his lieutenant, Jacques Elckins. The nation of Indians who resided near there were called Mohocks, and those on the east side of the river Mahicanders (Mohegans). The advantage derived by the Mohawks from their trade with the Dutch, induced all the other nations to allow them a free trade; so that, desirous to secure them to themselves, they sent orders in 1623 to build forts near the limits of their possessions. They accordingly built Fort Good Hope on the Connecticut River 35 miles (from its mouth where Hartford) now

stands;

stands; Fort Nassau on the east side of Delaware Bay; Fort New Amsterdam on the island Manhatans, now New York; and Fort Orange where Albany is built."

*'In 1612 they already had a town and fort on York Island. This was only a redoubt, built somewhere near where McComb's new houses are."

"This State when under the jurisdiction of the Dutch West India Company did not prosper as fast as the goodness of the soil and the advantages in trade, one would have thought it would have done. Few emigrants left Holland for these parts, except those who came in a military capacity, or as merchants, or factors under the Company, or civil officers of government. It was the custom of the Company to grant lands to those who have served out the time they had contracted for with the Company, or to let out farms. Hence Bergen, Gamonapa (Communipaw) were settled by disbanded soldiers. Bergen was settled in 1660 and it is remarkable that the inhabitants of those places retain their ancient manners of living, customs, and the disposition of soldiers, especially the old men still living; and their descendants seem most of them to follow their steps. At length in (1660) the town of Bushwick on Long Island was begun and in 1662 it contained twenty-five houses."

"At this time the small towns in the state were surrounded by palisades to prevent surprise by the Indians, and few persons were settled at a distance from those towns or fortifications. Hence the people of Connecticut were emboldened to settle in the neighborhood of Fort Good Hope, near Hartford, and at length grew so numerous and insolent as to quarrel with and dispossess several of the Dutch farmers. See same account further back."

"Some time after the Fort Good Hope was built, an English bark landed people in the River, (near Hartford) against which Jacob Van Curler, commissary for the Company, protested. A year or two after, a number of families came and settled near the fort, and took possession of the River, and in 1640 they encroached upon and took possession of the lands claimed by the Company even near the fort. They regarded

no

no protests but went so far as to beat off the Company's people with clubs and sticks, and threw their plows and other farming utensils into the river; pounded the cattle of some of the Dutch farmers and sold some of them."

"Numbers of protests were made against such proceedings and several letters were written to the English Government upon that head; but they having found the goodness and value of those lands and got possession, laughed at the Dutch and their claims in writ-ing." (1)

''Hartgers observes that the New England people, in answer to the Dutch, made use of many evasions, circumstances, and made up many pretences with plausible arguments, to establish their right, and set aside that of the Dutch Governor. Stuyvesant had several contests in writing about their encroachments. They grew so numerous and daring as at length to take possession and settle on Long Island; for in (1664) they erected the British colors there, and told the inhabitants that they knew of no New Netherland; that all this country belonged to the English, but that they were willing to enter into a treaty. That the right"^

"In 1640, the Director-General, William Kieft, having command, there came to him a Scotchman with an English commission and laid a claim to Long Island, which was rejected; and he went off again without doing anything, except setting up the common people against the Dutch Government. Those living at Oyster Bay, mostly English, began a mutiny, but were soon quelled by Kieft."

1647. There came over a Scotchman, called Captain Forrester, and claimed Long Island for the Dutchess Dowager Sterling, pretending to be her Governor. He had a commission dated in the i8th vear of the reign of King James, (1621), which yet was not signed by the King or anyone else. This man was very proud and haughty and demanded a sight of Governor Stuyvesant's commission, saying that if the com- mission

'Here the story ends abruptly. I it continues: After a couple of blank pages,

mission was better than his, he would go ofif, or else Stuyvesant should; but Stuyvesant, after taking a copy of his papers, sent him with the King's ships bound to Holland; but they were obliged to land him in England."

2. Almshouse.

Inmates.

Jan. 1st, 1791. Received 479

Admitted to Dec. ist, 1791 372

851 Died 57

Discharged 247

Bound out 83— 383

^'

468

Workhouse, left 52

Bridewell 51

571

TAXES RAISED BY THE CORPORATION.

£ s. d.

1766 Total 4669 4 I Poor 2200

1767 " 49CXD 00" 3000

1768 " 5400 o o

1769 " 53CX) o o

1770--- " 6358 14 2

1771 " 7184 2 10 " 4800

The Commissioners for superintending the Almshouse and Bridewell, having closed their accounts to August ist, 1791, they stand as follows:

Years

Expended from July ist, 1784, to

Aug. 1st, 1785

From Aug. ist, 1785, to 1786

1787 1788

1789 1790 1791^

32,112 8 II

THE ALMSHOUSE, BRIDEWELL AND WORKHOUSE.

The first law which mentions anything relating to the establishment of alms and the maintenance of the poor, was passed 26th Sept., 1693, entitled an Act for Settling a Ministry and Raising a Maintenance in the City of New York, County of Richmond, Westchester and Queens County, one good minister for each. It is enacted among other things that there shall be ten Vestrymen and two Church Wardens, chosen every year by the freeholders, on the second Tuesday in January, who shall lay a reasonable tax on the said respective cities, counties, parishes or precincts for the maintenance of the minister and poor of their respective places.

(END)

3. Items About the Incorporation of Churches.

N. B.—The Dutch Church was incorporated nth May [nth] 1696, by the name of "The Minister, Elders and Deacons of the Reformed Dutch Church of the City of New York."

"The Churches [Church?] of England were incorporated, May 6th, 1697, by the title of "The Rector and Inhabitants of the City of New York in Communion of the Church of England by Law Established."

"The Presbyterian Churches [first in Wall Street, 1717] were incorporated by virtue of an Act of Assembly passed April 6th, 1784."

"The Baptist Church was founded, June 19th, 1762; consisted of 28 members. Trustees appointed agreeably

ably to law passed April 6th, 1784." Minister, [Benjamin] Foster.

4. Items About Dutch Church Buildings.

''Fort Amsterdam being built in 1623, the Chapel was built in the Fort in 1642. This burnt down in 1741."^

"The Dutch congregation built what is called the Old Church in Garden Street in 1693. This was a long square, with three sides of an eight square (octagon) at the east end. In front it had a brick steeple, so large a square as to admit of a room above the entry for a Consistory room. This had a chimney in the roof; was as all old Dutch buildings; and a pitched roof shingled. The windows of the church were small panes of glass set in lead. The most of these had Coats of Arms of those who had been elders and magistrates, curiously burnt on the glass by Gerardus Duyc-king. Some painted arms were also (therein) and are still hanging against the wall."

"It was at first customary in this church, or the one in the fort, to have two boxes strongly bound with iron, with a lid to shut, with a good lock, and a small hole in the top, hanging near the door to receive alms as people went out of church. In front of the box was painted a beggar leaning on a stafif. I found those boxes in the garret when the church was repaired in 1766."

"There was another custom in this church introduced for collecting alms instead of the above, afterwards. This was to go about the church when the service was half over with two black bags fastened to a pole with bells at the bottom ringing, while the collection for the poor was made. The bags and sticks are still continued, but the bells are taken oflF."

"Governor Montgomery [it was Governor Burnet] made this church a present of a very excellent small organ [1720] which was carried ofif by the British in 1776 or 1777." [This organ was subsequently recognized

'The old chapel or Dutch Church was taken down in 1697, and a new Anglican chapel then built, and this Anglican chapel was

burned in 1741. See Ecc. Records for years 1693-1696; also Vol. iii, 2016-18.

nized in a parish church in England by a member of the Collegiate Church.]

"The Dutch congregation increasing, they built what is called the Middle or New Church in 1729 in Nassau Street. This church is 100 feet long and 70 feet wide, with a good steeple. When built, it had no gallery. The ceiling was an interarch, without pillars, until the year 1764, when English service being introduced a gallery was made on the east side and west and south sides of the church, with pillars from the gallery to the ceiling so as to support the roof. The pulpit which stood in the middle of the east side was moved to the north end in 1764. This church was entirely gutted during the war, in 1776, etc.; first applied as a place of confinement and afterward as a riding school. It was reopened again in 1789 and 1790, much as it was before, and at the south end a fine large organ, made in this country, is placed."

"The Dutch congregation finding their churches too small in 1768 and 1769, built the North Church in William Street, 100 feet long and 68 feet wide; a new building with a tile room supported by large pillars I was one of the commissioners for building this church, and before the most northerly pillar was erected, I put under the same a pewter plate, well-secured against moisture, with the following inscription on the same." ^

"Mr. Laidly, called in 1763, preached ist English sermon in Middle Church, 1764."

"ist stone laid of this church, July 2d, 1767, by T. Roosevelt. The sermon May 25th, 1769.

Cost of building £11,948 9s. 4d.

Subscription 3»839 8 o

"This church was also applied as a or jail

during the war, by the British, and very much damaged, but repaired in 1784."

5. Items

'This inscription was not in- 1 ing down of the North Ch\irch. serted in this book; but the plate See page 22 of this Vclame.

was recovered in 1875 2t the tak-

5- Items About the Buildings of Other Denominations.

(i) "Trinity Church in the Broadway was built in 1696 (1697?) by the Episcopal congregation; and burnt down in 1776. Rebuilt again in 1788-9. They also built St. George's Chapel in Beekman Street in 1752, and the St. Paul's Church in the Broadway in 1766. They are all three elegant buildings. The two [latter] were not damaged by the British during the war."

(2) "The Dissenters or Presbyterians built a meeting house or church in Wall Street in 1719, and enlarged it in 1748; and as it was gutted by the British in 1777, it was repaired again in 1785."

"(In) 1767 they built a New Brick Church in the fields or in Chatham Street [Park Row] at the head of Beekman Street. In the war this was also gutted, and repaired again in 1784-5."

(3) "The Seceders built a church in Little Queens (Cedar) Street in 1768."

(4) "The Baptists built a good church in Gold street."

(5) "The Lutherans had a small stone church on the Broadway on the south side of Trinity Church. This was destroyed during the war. They had another good stone church on K. G. (King George, now William) street, corner of Frankfort street. This church was not damaged during the war. It had a small organ in it."

(6) "There are two places of worship in the city for Methodists, one in John Street, and another in the Out Ward in (Forsyth) Street and (Division) Street. The last is a stone building built in 1789, but not yet finished inside."

(7) "There is a small place of worship in Great

George ( ) Street built in 1789 or 1790, by a

small Independent congregation."

(8) "The German Calvlnists have a church in Nassau Street built in (1765)."

(9) "The

(9) "The Jews have a synagogue in Jews' Ally, a small square stone building. The congregation is but small."

(10) "There is a brick Roman Catholic Chapel in Barclay street corner of Church street."'

6. Items About Jail and Court House.

"The first place made use of for a jail and court house was on the site of the house of A. Brinkerhoff, corner of Dock and Coenties Street. There is still the dungeon in the cellar. In (17—) the State built a publick Court House and Jail, in the upper end of Broad street on Wall street. It was built in the form of a double I, (or L) open in the middle, and places of confinement for criminals in the cellar. The first story had two large staircases to go up to the middle story, and two large and small rooms. The middle of the second story was the front room, and one end the Assembly room, and the other for the magistrates."

"The garret had rooms for the confinement of debtors. It was customary for the debtors to hang out of the dormer windows, from the end of a pole, a bag or an old shoe to beg charity of people passing by, with the most doleful cries."

"In (17—) a new jail was built and the prisoners removed; and the City Hall was kept entirely for Court and the Assembly. In 1785 it underwent an entire alteration, with additions and improvements for the use of congress. It was begun to be rebuilt in October,

1788, and (was) ready to accommodate Congress in

1789. The alterations and improvements are said to have cost 20,000 pounds. It is a most superb build-ing."

(11) College or University.

(12) Quaker Meeting.

(13) Scotch Presbyterians.

(14) Moravian Church.^

7. Items

* Four'other churches in the city " G. A. ought to have placed

are mentioned. these with the other denominations.

Sub. 5.

House and Hospital.

"The Corporation had a House of Correction and a Poor House built in the fields, now called the (City Hall) Park. This being too small, a large House was

built in the same row in and 'The Bridewell."

It is a strong stone building with a good front."

"In (17—) a subscription was set on foot and a large sum of money raised for building and endowing a Hospital for the sole The Assembly granted 800

pounds a year out of the excise. The building was begun in (17—) and nearly finished, when by the carelessness of a carpenter some shavings left in one of the rooms took fire, by which the wooden parts of the building were consumed. Since the peace, by donations and

the grant of pounds by the Assembly, out of ,

it has been repaired, and at this time has about 12 or It; patients in it who are attended by the physical gentlemen of the city. Two 'Dispensaries' have lately been established in the city by subscription. An apothecary is fixed, with a salary, in the houses to give out the medicines prescribed by the different doctors to the poor, recommended to their care by the subscribers under proper restrictions—a most useful and worthy humane institution."

8. Items About Manufactories.

"By a subscription, a manufactory of linen and cotton yarn has been and is still carried on in this city, and proves the means of employing a great many poor in spinning, etc. There is no doubt but that manufactories for a number of articles now imported from foreign countries might be carried on here, especially in the Iron Branch. We have three air furnaces on the (Manhattan) Island."

"A manufactory

'The term "Bridewell" originated in En<jland in 1553, when a hospital was built near St. Bridget's Well. This place was subsequently used as a House of

Correction, and the name was corrupted into Bridewell, equivalent to a prison. The word was common in New York until about 1850.

[41]

"A manufactory of tiles [exists], several of earthen and stone wear, etc., and of the Cards at the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes in France. Many French Protestants came over and settled in this city at New Rochelle and the Paltz. They built a church in Kings (Pine) street in 1704. At present it is made use of as a store-house, all of the congregation being dead or having joined other churches."

"In Broad street is a brick building with arches to support a long room designed as an Exchange, but now used as a place of meeting of the Tammany Society."

Markets: Fly-; Oswego-; Bear-; Pecks-; Kip-; New Slip-; Exchange-.

Theatre in Johns Street.

9. The City Library.

"Before the Revolution we had a library of 1200 volumes belonging to an Incorporated Society of Gentlemen. The books were carried oft or stolen during the war; but about two years ago (1788) the Society was again called together and a Library [started] which by the new subscription has been already enabled to purchase above 2,000 volumes, and are daily adding more." ^

"(They) have a charter dated 2i:;th of November, 1772, confirmed with some additional privileges by the Legislature."

10. The Government House.

"There is now building and near finished a large house where Fort George formerly stood, called 'The Government House,' and designed for the residence of the Governor of this State. It is an elegant two-story brick building of an oblong square form, (being) — feet in front and — feet in the rear."

"The ground floor contains a number of very convenient rooms for servants and kitchens. In front is an

elegant

* See Keep's History of the New | York Societ}- Library, 1908, page

I 202.

elegant pediment, supported by four large — pillars, on bases of an equal height to the floor where is a balcony to which you ascend by two flights of steps. The door leads you into a large, elegant hall, the whole height of the building, and is — feet by — feet —. It is on a level with the second story; (there) is a gallery around it by which a communication is kept up with all the upper rooms, which are large and convenient. A large stairs leads also to them at the side of the hall; the building having three sides of an eight square (an octagon) in the rear, gives room to enlarge, and to lighten two large rooms, one on each floor. Those, and indeed, all the rooms in the house, command a most extensive and delightful prospect, some into the East River, some quite to the Narrows; others up the North River."

Ti. Columbia College and the Regents of the

University.

"In 1754 King's College was founded. In 1787 the Legislature by an Act, called it Columbia College, and put it under the care of 24 gentlemen who are a body corporate by the name and style of 'The Trustees of Columbia College of the City of New York.' "

"In 1787 an Act was passed constituting 21 gentlemen, of whom the Governor and the Lieutenant Governor for the time being are members ex-officio, a Body corporate and politic by the name and style of 'The Regents of the University of the State of New York.' "

12. Historical Account of New York.

"After Hudson had discovered [the territory of] the State of New York and the river which bears his name, in 1609, and had transmitted an account of this his discovery to his employers—the West India Company of Amsterdam; for Hudson himself was prevented by an order of the British Government, he being an English subject, from leaving England and sailing in foreign employ; he had a vessel now, given him by some British merchants in order that he might prosecute

cute the design he had attempted in his former voyages of discovery—a passage by the N. E. or N. W. to China; in this, his last voyage, he unfortunately lost his life, by a mutiny of a part of his men. Among them was one, Henry Green, a young man whom he had taken into his house, supplied with victuals and drink, and had now taken along with him. This villain, joining part of the crew, cruelly turned Captain Hudson and eight of the crew who would not join them, adrift at sea, on board a small boat. No doubt they perished, having never been heard of again."

"The Dutch sent several vessels to America to trade with the natives of Hudson's River from 1610 to 1614, when they first got permission of the natives to build a small fort on an island near Albany. This fort mounted two brass and eleven iron guns. It had a ditch around it about 18 feet wide. The first officer, who commanded 12 soldiers there, was named Jacques Elckins."

"The North River was then called by the Dutch the Great River or the River Montaines, and the island New York is built upon (was called) Manatans. It was not until the year 1615 that permission was obtained from the natives to build a small house or trading house. This, as I have been informed by old people, was not where the last fort was built, but was somewhere on the bank of the river where McComb's houses are now built. And this is probable first, because a grant was obtained from the natives of a lot of ground for a garden to this fort, which lot extended from the fort to where now Trinity Church burying ground or Church Yard is. It was called the Company's Garden, and when the English had dispossessed the Dutch, this Garden was referred (to) in the first charter as a demesne of the fort, as was also a grant afterward obtained by the West India Company of a piece of land called the Company's land, and in the charter The King's Farm, lying on the west side of the Broadway from Division (Fulton) street to the meadows next (to) Lispenard's (lands). A part of the Garden before mentioned was granted in (1697) to (Trinity Church) and to others, but by an Act of Assembly

passed

passed in ( ) those grants were vacated and reverted to the Crown, and it was declared that it (they) should forever remain as a demesne to the Fort; but the last has since been granted to several persons and the first to the Corporation of Trinity Church."

''But to return to the fort. In 1755 in digging for the foundation of a house somewhere near the bank of the river, an old stone were (was) found, which from its thickness was judged to belong to a fortification. Another reason may be given why the first fort was on a different spot from the last, is, that it is natural that the Dutch would choose to remain in security against the natives in a fortification, while another was building. I therefore, cannot agree with Mrs. Morse that the first fort was about two miles out of town. They never would have built a fort so far from the shipping."

*Tn 1620 or 1621, the West India Company obtained a grant from the States General of the United Netherlands of the part of America discovered by Hudson, extending from Connecticut near to the Delaware and running inland to Canada, together with its islands, etc. After this grant they ordered four forts to be built at the extent of their possessions, that is, one called Fort New Amsterdam, at Manhattan Island, now New York; one near Connecticut River; one near the Delaware; and one at Albany."

''The fort at New York was built in 1623 on a point of land, being the southwest extremity of the island, fronting the bay. It would appear from the discovery of a great number of red cedar palisades under the foundation of the old fort in 1791, that the first fort was only a stocadoes, perhaps with block houses. The time it was built (rebuilt) of stone cannot be rightly ascertained by any old Dutch accounts. It was a good stone fort when the English took it in 1664. It is probable that in a few years after 1623 it was built of stone, as I find that in 1643 a stone or brick chapel was built by Director Kieft in the southeast corner of it. It was a square with four bastions, two of which had powder magazines under them. Besides the chapel within, it was the house for the commanding officers, and barracks (for the soldiers), and over the gate was a square

building

[45!

building for the secretaries (secretary's) office. The gate was in the north curtain; (curtain—the space between the bastions) ; it had also a salleport (sally port —a postern gate) in the east and in the south curtains. It commanded one of the most delightful and extensive prospects in nature; had an intercommand of the city, but would not have been of very great service in commanding the bay and rivers. And it mounted 46 guns in 1678, and these were mostly brass 12 and 18 pounders, extremely neatly cast. Part of these were lost in the expedition against Louisbourgh (Louisburg) and part against Canada, and (were) never returned to the city. What became of them at last, I have not learnt."

"The fort, chapel and houses w^ere repaired and partly rebuilt in 1693 and again in 1726. The houses and chapel and barracks burnt down in 1741, being set on fire by the negroes. Houses and barracks rebuilt again in 1744-41;; burnt down again in ."

"(The) house while standing was always the residence of the Governors, and the fort was the most of the time garrisoned by a company of Independent Regulars Soldiers; in their absence the militia did duty."

"In 176; when the stamp papers were expected from England, Governor Golden resided in the fort, and intending to receive and protect them in the fort, got Major James, a British officer, to take possession of it and fortify it. This was done by raising embrasures of wood and dirt, and mounting and planting cannon in order. The stamp paper was landed under the protection of a man-of-war commanded by Captain Kennedy. Previous to this Golden had ordered all the cannon in the battery to be spiked up. This, and the preparations in the fort, alarmed, but did not intimidate the people, who, after parading through the streets with a wooden 32-pounder gun on which was placed a figure resembling the Governor, carried it to the fort, demanded the stamps. This being refused, they took the Governor's coach, sled, etc., out of his stable and burnt them before the gates of the fort; and a party went to the house of Major James, the contents of which were brought out and destroyed by fire. This did not satisfy the people, and had it not been for some moderate

persons,

persons, the fort would have been stormed and consequently much blood shed. The people were only pacified by the Governor delivering the stamp papers to the Corporation of the City. The inhabitants therefore in 1775 were not sorry the houses in the fort were burnt down in ( ) ; for they got the Provincial Congress to issue orders that the fort should be dismantled. Accordingly the north bastion was entirely taken away. The British did not think proper to rebuild it again during the war, only stockades were put up instead of a stone wall, and a few troops kept in the fort."

"After the peace, and when the Americans got possession of the city, it was not thought proper to repair the fort again, as it was wished that the inhabitants might never again be intimidated by it as they had been twice before; once in the time of Jacob Leisler, when the town was actually fired upon. The ball which struck the house of Jacobus Van Cortland, then one of the Council, was masoned in the wall fronting the fort in Dock street, (Pearl street, west of Broad street) ; and afterwards by Governor Colden in 1765."

"In (1789) a resolution was passed by the Assembly to remove the ruins of the fort and make use of the stones in building a Governor's house, etc. Accordingly in 1790, it was begun to be worked at, and in 1791 no trace was remaining of it. In removing the rubbish and dirt on the east side of the fort, under where the chapel stood, there was found several vaults in which were the coffins and skeletons of several persons. In one was found the body of the wife of Lord Bellomont

in a leaden coffin, with an inscription on a plate of

to the following ."

"The bones, etc., were all carefully collected and removed to Trinity Church Yard."

"When Nicolls took the fort from the Dutch, it was by him called Fort James instead of Fort New Amsterdam. When Henry Sloughter was Governor it was called Fort William Henry. When Lord Cornbury, in 1702, was Governor, it was called Fort Ann. Upon the accession of King George to the throne its name was changed to Fort George, which it retained 'till destroyed; and as it is now gone, unless some account is

kept

kept of it, after some years it may not be known where it stood or any description or account of it to be obtained :—this induces me to give its history."

"Before I proceed further I must remark that as the Hollanders were not fond of emigrating, few came over to America, but such as were employed in the service of the West India Company, either as factors, officials or soldiers; their object being more to derive an advantage from the fur trade in America, than from the cultivation of lands, and settling the country; therefore no Germans or other nations were permitted by them to come over and settle in the country. Some Swedes, it is true, came and settled near the Delaware on land claimed by the Dutch; but this being a forcible intrusion, the Dutch did not let them hold possession long. By this bad policy, in the Company, they, it may be said, lost this country."

"It appears that when Dr. Thomas Dale and Robert Argoi took the first fort built in New York, there were but four houses without the same, inhabited by the Dutch; and when New York was taken by Nicolls in 1665 (1664), in a letter to the Duke of York, (he) writes:—'That such is the mean condition of this town. New York, that not one soldier to this day, has lain in sheets or upon any other bed than canvas or straw.' There could not have been a vast number of immigrants from Holland residing in the place when taken. Few then returned to Holland; yet I find in 1686 [when this book was used by Selinus (Selyns)] there were only 354 [566] men and women with 702 children belonging to the Dutch Church; that number of inhabitants New York could not have contained in 1664. Those who removed in the (into this) country and built houses, built them under the guns of the fort at first for protection therefrom. Pearl street was the first street. I find by an account in my possession that in 1686 there were 16 streets in the city, namely,

1. Pearl street.

2. Broadway.

3. High street.

4. Low street.

5. Brewers (or Stone) street.

6. Prince's

7. King street.

8. Exchange street.

9. New street.

10. Beaver street.

11. Marckvelt street.

12. Bridge street.

13. Broad street.

14. Smith street.

15. Smith's Valley or Vley, now Queen street.

16. Dock street.

"Many British subjects must have come over and settled at New York from 1664 to 1686. This appears by the names of some of the streets. I find by an account taken of the inhabitants of New York in 1697, there were

Whites 3727

Blacks 575

Total 4302

"There must have been about five hundred houses, allowing eight to a house."

"By an account taken in 1678 there were 343 houses, containing 3430 inhabitants, or 10 to a house. To see the amazing increase of the city, I have collected the following account of inhabitants and houses at different periods:—

Years Houses Inhabitants

1615 4 30

1678 343 ±3430

1686 ±450 3800

1697 500 4302

1755 2200

1756 12,763

1771 22,763

1786 23,614

1790 5000 30,032."

"Vessels entered in New York Custom House.

Years Square rigged Sloops Boats Total

1678 3 8 7 18

1686 10 3 20 33

1696 40 62 62 164

[49I

Tonnage of 1774, 40,812.

1788, Jany.)___ 317 635 952

1789, Jany.]___

1789 I— 353 755 1108

1790, Do. j___

No boats or coasters included.

1750 90 142, including coasters."

"Militia of the whole state. 1692 was not above 3000. 1678 N. Y. P. was not above 2000, including 140

horse. 1688 was not above 2^00. Horse 300, Dragoons 50. 1756 Militia of New York about 2300 men."

"Exports and Imports at different periods.

Dec. 9th, 1755, to 23d Feb. 1756, exported 12,528 lbs. Flaxseed.

Sept. 29th, 1749, to Sept. 29th, 1750, entered from Great Britain and Ireland, 16 vessels.

Cleared out for Great Britain and Ireland, 21 vessels.

Cleared out for Holland, 5 vessels.

Cleared out 6731 tons (of) provisions, chiefly flour; besides grain, estimated or shipped by number of bushels and not by tons.

D. Summary.

Imported about 800 pipes Madeira wine; re-exported 226 pipes; cleared out tar, 2008 bushels; pitch, 156; turpentine, 20; which were imported from the Carolinas.

1678. Entered not above, 15 vessels of 100 tons each, on an average; of which 5 small ships and a ketch are not belonging to New York. Four of ditto built here."

"Fortifications continued."

"The Dutch carried stockadoes, or as they called it, a wall, across from East to North River, about from the lower part of Wall street, then the Strand, to the river back of the English Church. I cannot learn if there were block houses along the line; no doubt there were.

By

[50]

By old writings it appears that there were two gates; the Land Gate in Broadway, and the Water Gate in Queen (now Pearl) street. When it was removed, I cannot learn."

"In 1703 the Assembly voted 1500 pounds towards erecting two batteries, one on each side of the Narrows. They were never built. Governor Cornbury received the money, but never accounted for it. For raising that sum the Assembly came to the following curious resolution, viz.,

That every person having the honour to be of her Majesty's Council, pay a year, £2. o. o Every representative i o o

Every practitioner of law i. o. o.

Every one wearing a periwig 5s. o

Every bachelor above 25 years 2 6d.

Every freeman from 16 to 60 9

For each slave from 16 to 60 10

Spirit of Molasses and Natg—cen 3.

I find that the tax on wigs must have been passed, as it brought, in a year, by Treasurer's account, £9 17s ^d. And from 17th August, 1732, to March ist, 1734, £26 3s 2d.

N. B.—At this time wigs were much in fashion, especially with the Dutch."

"In 1734 commissioners were appointed to build a half-moon battery on Copses rocks, near Whitehall. After it was finished, in trying the guns, one of them burst and killed two persons. It could mount 70 guns." "1741. The Province received a donation from the Crown of 136 cannon, from 32 to 8 pounders, with all the implements necessary thereto, and 1000 muskets complete, besides powder and other articles amounting to £6,773 15s-"

"1741. A battery or bastion of 20 guns (was) voted to be built on the flat rock back of the Fort. It was done."

"1744. A battery of 8 guns was built at Red Hook." "174c;. (It was) voted to build 4 batteries, and stockading the city from river to river along the meadows, the Fresh Water, and so across toDomine's Hook.'"

I Battery

'This was not far from the present line of Canal street, and

[51I

bending to the foot of Grand street, East River.

I Battery and Block House on Domine's Hook, 8 guns.

I Battery, etc. (on the) Desbrosses (Estate). I Battery (at) Capt. Rutger's wharf, 8 guns. I Battery on Benjamin Peck's (land), 6 guns.

N. B.—At a small distance from each other, block houses were built along the pallisadoes, which were filled up in the inside about 3 feet and loop holes made for muskets."

"The half-moon battery was taken away, and a battery built from Whitehall opposite to the north corner of the fort, by a plan of Mr. John Dice, who was overseer of the works. It had an embrasure of wood and could mount 92 guns."

"Just before the last war with Britain, or in 1775 or 1776, the Batterys were repaired, and a Fort called "Independence" built on a hill near the houses of Mr. Nicholas Bayard. It had a most commanding prospect, was built of sods and dirt, had a ditch round it, several cannon mounted with a magazine under ground, and houses slightly built for the defenders of it; yet upon the whole it was more for show than for real service, having no water nor defence against bombs. It is now demolished."

"In 1776 the pavements opposite the slips were taken up and bulworks of plank and dirt raised across them. These were also more for show than for use, as there was left a vast many place unfortified where the British could land."

"Such was the state of our fortifications in 1775, until an order was issued by G. Washington with the concurrence of the Provincial Congress, to remove the cannon out of the city and to dismantle the fortifications, they being judged untenable."

"Some of the cannon went by water to Albany, some to King's Bridge and some were left behind."

"I forgot to take notice of a fortification built in 1776 on the heights along the river, near King's Bridge, and called Fort Washington. This the British stormed and

took, and killed above American."

Extract

Extract from Mars's Geo.

"It is found by a memorandum in one of the old Registers that the number of inhabitants in the city by order of the King, in 1697, was

Whites, men 94^

Whites, women 1018

Young men 864

Young women 899

3727

Negroes, men 209

Negroes, women 205

Boys and girls 161

576 (The Population)

1756 was 10,881

1771 " 21,863

1786 " 23,314

1790 " 33,311

"Markets."

"The first market building, I am informed, stood in the vacant space opposite to where the Government (House) is built."

"Not long after a bridge was built at the south end of Broad street unto the river; and a market placed near the middle of the same; with two basins (built) to admit and shelter the boats and canoes coming to market; they extend from Whitehall to Coenties Market; on the outside wharf was a crane for unloading goods, this being then the deepest and largest wharf; as buildings advanced eastward, they built another market on Great Dock street opposite the house of Mr. Abraham Brinck-erhoff; and at the corner of Great Dock and Coenties Lane where the house of Mr. Abraham Brinkerhoff and the next stand, there the first goal (jail) stood. The market was called the "Lower Market"; afterward "Coenties Market" from Conrad Ten Eyck who lived at the side of the same."^

"The

' Conrad or Coenradt was contracted into Coentje, pronounced

almost like Quincy; hence Coenties Slip.

''The next market was built in the open space opposite to Smith street in the Old Slip (S. E. corner of Hanover Square). This was called the Great Flesh (Meat) Market, and afterwards the Old Slip Market, the water out of the slip coming up to the north end of the Market. This was entirely removed when the slip was filled up/'

''The next market was built at the lower end of Wall street, just below Queen (Pearl) street. It was first called the Exchange Market: afterward the Meal Market, meal being ordered to be exposed for sail (sale) there only. A bridge was built at the south end of it, here the merchants met after the [Tontine] Coffee House was removed from the corner of Broad street, next the wharf."

''The next Market was built in the slip where the Fly Market (Fly-Vlei Valley) now stands. [Lower end of Maiden Lane.] It was built on a line, nearly, of Queen [Pearl] street, the shore being there, and the water running up in a small creek nearly to Alstyn's shop on Maiden Lane, and the hollow to near Os. NL"

"Before 1 describe other Markets 1 must observe that in 1686 there were only two markets in the city, as appears by Governor Dongan's charter. These were the Long Bridge Market and the Coenties Market."

"In 1730 when a new charter was given to the city there were five market places, viz.,

One at Coenties Slip.

One at Old Slip.

One at the lower end of Wall street.

One at Countesses Slip [Maiden Lane].

One at the Long Bridge."

"This last was removed in [17—] and a brick building upon arches erected as an Exchange, but it never answered the design; for soon after it was built, the merchants removed their place of meeting to the corner east of Wall street and Dock street, next the Meal Market.

"Several Markets were built after 1730; one in Whitehall; one west end of Pearl street; one in Broad

street,

street, near Garden street; two near the North River. These two were built—the first to draw country people from [the] Oswego Market in the Broadway, opposite to Crown [Cedar] street. None of the five answered the design. In one of the two last, the only, or first thing offered for sale was a bear, from which it obtained the name of the Bear Market; then the market was removed out of the Broadway to where it now stands in Maiden Lane. It was often so filled with sellers as to render the passage of carriages on the sides dangerous and inconvenient."

"After this a Market of brick was built in Peck's Slip; and since the war, one in the New or James's Slip; and one in Greenwich street. North River; and one at the Exchange. Of those markets which are now (1792) standing are (the)

Exchange Market. [Near Bowling Green.]

Smith's Fly Market. [Smith's Vlei (Valley) Market; foot of Maiden Lane.]

Peck's Slip Market.

New or (James) Slip Market.

Maiden Lane Market.

Greenwich Street Market."

"Every day is a market day, and quantities of every kind of food comes not in anv markets on the continent. For particulars and state, see back of this book."

[The] "Site New York was built on. when the natives possessed the island.

"From where the Air Furnace is along the North River, quite down to the point beyond the Government House, the ground was high toward the river and extended at some distance , descended a little, going

south to a body of Islinglass (Isinglass—Mica) ? rocks, which Evans in his analyses of these states, says is part of a vein of stone that continues to the southern states, in some places appearing above the surface of the earth, then dipping again. From this rock the shore ran ["extended" is inserted over "ran"] to a point of rocks nearly opposite to Nutten [Governor's] Island, and called Copse Rocks; and then the shore ran up from the point to Dock street [lower end of Pearl street] straight, and so along east till Broad street,

where

[S5l

where there was a creek running up to near Federal Hall, with a bridge across, and made with dikes at the side, somewhat like those in Holland by the Dutch, when they get possession of the ground near it."

"From the east side of Broad street the shore ran along to Dock street and Hanover Square, a little in Queen [Pearl] street, till Fly Market, where was a hollow [gully—Maiden Lane] running to near Broadway; and so along Water street till the New Slip at John de Peyster's. From there to Catharine street was a salt meadow, and this extended from said Catharine street to the west of Roosevelt street, where was a high bank running along to the Fresh Water, and then around the Kollek to a meadow of Mr. Rutgers. From the west side of this meadow the hill ran till it reached the river. It is remembered when the water ran from the Fresh Water (Pond) to the East River; and near where Janeway's house is, there was a log to walk upon to get across. From near where the German Church is built [northeast corner of William and Frankfort street—the so-called Swamp Church—the spot now partly under the Brooklyn Bridge] to near Queen street, was swamp. This name 'Swamp' it still retains." [Beekman's Swamp.]

"In digging wells the land is mostly sand and some clay; seldom rocks; the water at first good ; but as buildings increase, it grows brackish. Along Maiden Lane was a hollow, or low land, some way up."

"Wharfs." [Wharves.]

"The first was built from Whitehall to Coenties Market on a line of Little Dock street. In front of this was, after a little time, built two basins, with a bridge as a division, the openings being at the side of the bridge. On the outside wharf was a crane erected."

"Governor Hunter in about [the year 1715] granted to the owners of the upland, permission to build a quay from the Old Slip to the Meal Market. It was called 'Hunter's Quay' and also 'Rotten Row.' These were long the principal wharfs; but the city growing, wharfs were continued to be built until the most of them are

extended

!s61

extended four hundred feet into the river, which was the extent of the soil granted to the Corporation by the charter of Governor Montgomery. It would be endless to describe all the wharfs. Sufficient it is to say that nothing can exceed their safety and conveniency. They have, some of them, twenty-two feet at low water. The river only being the harbor, the wharfs are a security for the vessels, although they are seldom in danger in riding in the rivers or the bay. The bottom is good anchoring; not many reefs of rocks. The navy of Great Britain could with conveniency ride in them. Besides these the British found safe harbors in winter, in the Wallabout, and [in] Bushwick and Newtown creeks."

Streets.

"The city being built first upon an irregular spot of ground, the builders only sought the greatest conveniency joined to the least expense. Hence they built their houses at the sides of hills or in hollows, just as they ran, without paying any regard to the straightness or width. It was not laid out in streets by any law or ordinance until the year [ ], and then only few streets [were] laid out. It is remarkable that a few blocks in the city are square or the houses built on them. Even streets laid out not above from fifteen to twenty years ago in general laid out square are crooked. No doubt the city surveyor's idea of beauty was a crooked line. Some persons have preferred its crooked and angular streets to the regular streets of Philadelphia, the latter partaking too much of a sameness. It is certain that the irregularity of ground of New York contributed to its cleanliness; and since the late improvements of arched pavements in the middle and bricks at

the side, few cities in America can vie with it for

cleanness of streets."

"Broadway and Queen [Pearl] streets are wide and airy. Most of the other streets are from 30, 40, 50 to 60 feet wide, and many of those leading from Broadway to the north are straight and of an even decent [width?]. Since the last great fire when all the houses were burnt down, [they were] laid out very spacious, above [ ] feet wide."

"There

"There are properly no squares; but large spaces are left at the head of some of the streets by being widened; as at the head of Queen [Pearl] street, in Hanover Square; in the Broadway opposite to the Governor's House, [Bowling Green] ; in Broadway fronting the Bridewell and Poor House, [along the City Hall Park]. Most of the streets north of the Fresh Water are laid out regular."

Government of the City.

"Under the Dutch it was governed by Burgomasters, Schepens and a Schout. The seal of the city in those days was nearly as is here represented:—"

[Seal not given.]

"June 12th, 1665, it was incorporated by Governor Nicolls and allowed a mayor, five aldermen and a sheriff."

"April 22d, 1686, a new charter [was] granted the city by Governor Dongan; to have a mayor, town-clerk, six aldermen and six assistants, to be called—'The Mayor, Aldermen and Commonalty of the City of New York'; to have one Chamberlain or Treasurer; one Sheriff; one Coroner; one Clerk of the Market; one high and seven sub-Constables; one Marshall or Sergeant at Mace."

"1730. A new charter given by Governor John Montgomery; [the city] to have a Mayor, a Recorder, 7 Aldermen, 7 Assistants for the seven wards in which the city was then laid out. They [were] to be called by the name of 'The Mayor, Aldermen and Commonalty of the City of New York'; [the city was] to have one Sheriff; one Coroner; one Common Clerk; one Chamberlain; one High Constable; 16 Assessors; 7 Collectors; 16 Constables, and i Marshall."

"Agreeably to this charter the city has always been governed, both before and after the war [of 1776] until (....), when Justices were appointed by (....) in the different wards to assist or rather relieve the Magistrates from the duties of attending the suits in law before them under the sum of ten pounds. By the charter they had no right to try any suit for more

than

than 40 shillings; by law it was extended to 5 pounds and 10 pounds. The Corporation by this means was able to attend more to the concerns of the City. To their honor be it said, their endeavors have been unwearied to advance the credit, ornament and conven-iency of the Cit}'; and [their labors] were also crowned with success."

[Markets continued.]

The cit\" has a market day every day in the week, and plentier, no city on the Continent can boast. In the first place all the year round the very best of beef may be purchased in the greatest plenty. The average price for the very best is from four pence to four and a half pence by the quarter; middling good country killed beef may be bought at tw'o and a half to three pence.

Pork is exceedingly plenty in the fall of the year; sells from four to four and a half pence per pound.

Mutton can be had all the year through, but so plenty that the fattest does not stand in above three or four pence per pound.

Veal is also plenty in the spring and exceedingly reasonable [in price].

Venison is brought in considerable quantities from Long Island and from other parts.

Wild fowl of everv kind, when in season, is brought in quantities daily to market. Long Island shores near the sea are covered with those [fowls] at some seasons of the year.

A best wild goose is from 2 shillings to 3 or 3 and 6 pence.

A brace of ducks, if fat. one shilling and six pence. Other ducks, etc., from 6 pence to a shilling. Snipes and other birds in plenty; grouse, heath-hens, quails and wild pigeons, partridges; amazing plenty.

The last sell often (for) one shilling, and quails at t\vo and a half pence.

Incredible are the quantities of tame fowl of every kind daily brought to market, dead, besides those delivered on vessels for shipping.

Butter

Butter in some years is good and plenty and cheap, although in all years we have enough; [also] cheese.

In the spring of the year about the middle of April, commences the shad fishery in our bays and rivers; when the quantity of those, together with herring, bass and week-fish brought to market is not to be believed unless seen. Last year just below the Narrows on the Long Island side, one net, or rather three, for they were obliged to surround the first with two others, brought

to the shore above shad in one haul. They are

sold from 20 to 30 shillings a hundred ($2.50 to $3.75 per hundred). Herring from a shilling and six pence to three shillings (per hundred). Vast quantities are bought at the fishing places by the country people and salted for summer food.

Many wagon loads of sheep-heads [a kind of fish] and bass are daily brought in their season from the south side of Long Island to market and sold, the first from 9 pence to 2 shillings a peck; the others sometimes not above a penny a pound; but in general about three pence [per pound]. Black fish and bass are caught in large quantities just outside of Sandy Hook, besides what comes from the eastward. They arc sold from 3 pence to 5 pence per pound.

Of live cod there are a plenty in the winter and spring. Salted cod, fresh and salted salmon may be almost always obtained in plenty; and turtle and summer and spring mackerel (are) some seasons so plenty, that for a shilling as much may be bought as will suffice 12 people. Eels and various other kinds in their season may be purchased in the market. Of the variety exposed for sale, some curious gentleman made a list that amounted to above thirty. (Various) species of lobsters and crabs are also in (their) season, exceedingly plenty and cheap; the first at two pence per pound; the others a shilling a dozen.

Oysters were formerly brought in amazing quantities from banks lying between Bedlow's and Oyster Island and the Bergen shore. It was common before the war (1776) to see daily from 150 to 200 canoes, come loaded from there to town with the most excellent kinds, fat, white, large, and of a most delicious

flavor.

flavor. Mr. Smith in his history of New York [1733] was not much out [of the way] when he judged them to be worth annually to the city between ten and twelve thousand pounds. [From $25,000 to $30,000.]

At present [1792] the [oyster] banks are grown poor. But few good oysters are now caught. The most brought from there to market are small, lean and bad tasted.

Just before the war [1776] an amazing bed or beds of oysters were discovered on the south side of Long Island within the reefs or land bars. For miles in length they were judged to be from a foot to two feet thick, one on another. [They] were very large and some exceedingly full and good. The city is cheaply supplied from there at present. They sell in their proper season from two shillings to three shillings per hundred. Some of those at three shillings are so large and fat that six or seven is a meal for a moderate person.

Of fruit of various kinds natural to the climate our markets abound. Besides, we are through our extensive navigation supplied with the products of different climes, such as oranges, lemons, limes, pineapples, raisins, currants, etc.

Of pulse, herbs and roots of the various kinds, the markets abound throughout the year. The soil produces potatoes equal to any in the world, and so plenty that in the fall the common sort is sold for a shilling a bushel, and the best at from two shillings to two shillings and six pence.

Every day different kinds of meal may be bought in [the] Oswego Market [on Broadway] by the single half hundred or more. The average price this year has been:

Indian meal, per cwt., 8 shillings.

Buckwheat, per cwt, 8 shillings.

Rye, per cwt, 10 shillings.

Wheatflour, per cwt, 18 shillings.

In short, it is impossible to describe the plenty that has reigned throughout the year. The rich have never wanted luxuries, and the poor have been able to subsist upon the earnings of a few hours labor. Three pence in fish, bread and drink afford a comfortable meal.

Six

Six pence would procure meat, bread and drink. Such have been the opportunities of earning money by different kinds of labor that none willing to work were in want. Hence there are few beggars, but a few lazy, drunken wretches, not even fit objects for the almshouse.

Seal of New York 1686

THE APPENDIX TO TEXT i.

A. A map of the City of New York of 1695, nine years after the list had been made up. See page 64.

Reprinted from Valentine's Manual for 1845-6, on which are indicated in red lines the routes Dom. Selyns pursued in making his visits.

B. A list of the streets and other localities in 1686, showing the number of the members of the households, and of the persons comprised in each.

C. A list, with their English translation, of streets and other localities in 1686, their equivalents at about the year 1790, and their modern equivalents.

APPENDIX A

Map of New York, 1695

Reproduced from an old map. Red lines indicate the routes Dom. Selyns pursued in making his visits.

APPENDIX B.

List of Streets and other localities in 1686,

of the Members, of the Households and the

each:

No. of

Streets, Etc. Members,

1. Breedeweg 51

2. Beurs straet 12

3. Paerl straet 38

4. Langs strant 64

5. Langs de Wal 21

6. Nieuwe straet 18

7. Bever straet 17

8. Marckvelt straet 9

9. Brouwers straet 16

10. Brug straet 16

[Heerengracht, west zyde 43

ii.-|Diaconies Huys 81-58

[Heerengracht, west zyde 7

12. Heergracht, oost zyde 37

13. Hoog straet 60

14. Slyclc straet 5

15. Princen straet 16

16. Koninck straet 9

17. Smit straet 30

a. Smits Vallye 28

b. Buyten de Landtpoort i

c. Over 't Versch Water 46

d. Aen de Grote Kil 4

e. Boschwyck i

f. Arme Bouwery 8

g. Nieuwe Tuynen i

Total 566 316

sliowing the Number Persons comprised in

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[66]

NAME-INDEX OF ALL PERSONS MENTIONED IN THE LIST OF MEMBERS

of the

DUTCH REFORMED CHURCH IN NEW

YORK IN 1686

Alphabetically Arranged According to Family Names

and Patronymics and More in Detail According

to the Given Names

The Numbers refer to the Name-Numbers in the Member-List.

The Names of Members are printed in small capitals.

The Names of Non-members are printed in lower case.

The Names of Deceased Persons are printed in italics.

Name Number A

Abeel, Maria 498

Abrahams, Annetje 524

Abrahams, Lysbeth 185

Abrahams, Maria 324

Arrahams, Tryntie 183

Abrahamszen, Isaac 239

Abrahamszen, Wybrant 37^

Ackerman, Annetje 254

Adolphs, Tryntie 59

Aertsen, Evert 29

Alexanders, Catharina 327

Andrees, Marritje 503

Andries, Francyntie 199

Andries, Marritje 249

Andrieszen, Lucas 47

Anthony, Allard 150

Anthony, Marritie 647

Arents, Bayhen 358

Arents, Lysbeth 278

Arents, Susanna 453

Arents, Tryntje 10

Arentsz, Hendrick 403

Arentszen, Evert 338

Arentszen, Fredeiick 64

Arentszen, Isaac 339

Ariaenszen, Ide 672

Ariens, Belitie 674

B

Backer, Nicolaes Janszen 157

Barents, Aeltje 4

Name Number

Barents^ Albert 2

Barents, Geesje 186

Barents, Geertruyd 474

Barents, Jannetje 59i

Barents, Mayken 496

Barents, Susanna 534

Barentszen, Meynardt 597

Bartels, Mayken 424

Bastiaens, Maria 253

Bastiaensz, Franciscus 644

Bayard (see also de Bayard), Balthazar 49

Bayard, Catharina 619

Bayard, Pieter 54

Bedlo, Catharina 144

Bedlo, Sara 69

Beeck (see also van Beeck), Marritje 116

Beeck, Cornelia 191

Beeckman, Johannes 634

Beeckman, Wilhelmus 632

Bennet, Maria 340

Bicker, Victor 112

Bickers, Tryntje :: 41

Blaeck, Benjamin 152

Blanck, Anna 295

Blanck, Catharina 109

Blanck, Claesje iii

Blanck, Elsje 161

Blanck, Jeuriaen 114

Blanck, Jeuriaen 15

Blanck, Margareta 83

Blanck, Nicolaes 108

Block, Willem 514

Bloottgoet, Ibel 671

BOELEN, AeCHTJE 348

BoELEN, Hendrick 275

Boelen, Jacob 371

BoELEN, TrYNTIE 629

Bogardus, Willem 440

BoN, Maria 428

Bonen, Agnietje 363

Bording, Annetje 23

Bording, Claes 97

Bordings, Tryntje i79

BoRGER, Claes 70

BoRGER, Elsje 55i

BoRGER, Hermannus 174

Borger, Johannes i77

Bosch, Albert i6o

Name Number

BoscH^ Hendrick 269

BoscH^ Jan Pietersen 590

Breestede^ Andries 92

Breestede^ Geertruyd 507

Breestede, Jan 504

Breestede, Jannetje 506

Breestede, Simon 416

Broeckholt, Anthony 309

Brugwerton, (Brewerton), Joris (George) 296

Buyell, (Boyle), Wiljam (William) 593

C

Cannon, Lysbeth Jans 326

Cappoens, Christina 499

Carelszen, Joost 627

Cavallier, John 213

Claes, Aeltje 28

Claes, Annetje 701

Claes, Sophia 223

Claes, Tryntie 113

Claes, Willemtje 207

Claeszen, Andries 124

Clock (see also Klock), Catharina 372

Clop per (see also K lop per) Corn (elis) 609

Clopper, Johannes 610

Coeley, Jan 47^

Coeley, Lysbeth 47^

CoERT, Anneken 276

Coert, Barent 472

Colevelt, Laurens 280

CORNELIS, ApOLLONIA 657

Cornelis, Ariaentje I

CoRNELis, Elisabeth 36

Cornelis, Hillegont 164

Cornelis, Janneken 695

CoRNELis, Jannetje 582

Cornelis, Lysbeth 107

CORNELIS, MaRRITJE 13

CORNELIS, MaRRITJE 407

CORNELIS, MaRRITJE 581

CORNELIS, NeELTJE 64O

CORNELIS, TrYNTJE 25

CORNELIS, VrOUWTJE 166

Cornelisen, Frans . 589

CORNELISZEN, ArIE 642

Corneliszen, Hendrick 641

Corneliszen, Pieter I18

Corneliszen, Theunis 702

Name Number

Corszen, Jan 398

CozYNS, Grietie 653

Cregier (see also Kregiers), Marten 80

Cregier, Tryntic 81

Crundall^ Thomas 159

CuYNEN Albert 387

/ D

Daniels, Annetje 8

Davids, Metje 250

DE Bayard (see also Ba.vard), Nicolaes 508

DE BOOG, CaTHARINA --y 633

DE Clerck, Daniel 652

DE Foreest, Hendrick 535

de Foreest, Isaac 302

DE Foreest, Isaac 299

de Foreest, Jan 54^

DE Foreest, Susanna 72

DE Grauw, Arent Leendertszen 291

DE Grauw, Herman 285

de Grauw, Leendert 237

DE Groot, Dirck Janszen 287

DE Groot, Jacob 677

DE Groot, Jan 675

DE Groef, Adolph Pietersen 1 456

DE Groef, Agnietie 458

DE Groef, Maria 459

DE Haes, Geertruyd- 525

de Hardt, Jacobus 192

DE Key, Jacob 67

DE Key, Janneken 297

DE Key, Theunis 361

DE Kleyn, Huyg Barentszen 423

DE Kleyn, Leendert 419

DE Kleyn, Willemyntie 575

DE KoNiNCK (see also Koning), Jacob 273

DE LA CHAIR, HeYLTJE 212

DE LA MONTAGNE, JaN 413

DE LA MoNTAGNE, MaRIA 661

de la Montagne, Vincent 243

DE LA noy, Abraham 281

DE LA NOY, CaTALINA 396

DE LA NOY, PlETER I42

DE LA Val (see also der Val(l)), Rebecca 125

DE Meyert (see also Meyert), Catharina 435

DE Meyert, Debora 158

DE Meyert, Lysbeth 480

DE Meyert, Nicolaes 478

Name Number

DE Meyert, Wilhelmus 6i8

DE MiLL^ Anthony 515

de Mill, Isaac 623

DE Mill, Pieter 517

DE Mill, Sara 518

DE Moor, Thomas 550

DE Negrin, Susanna 549

DE Peyster, Abraham 519

DE Peyster, Catharina 520

de Peyster, Johannes 445

DE Peyster, Maria 447

DE Potter, Elizabeth 143

de Pu, Nicolaes 272

DE RiEMER, Isaac 73

DE RiEMER, MaRGARETA 74

DE RiEMER, Pieter 71

der Val(l) (see also de la Val), Jan 330

der Val(l), Willem 126

de Silln, Nicasius 418

DE SiLLA, WaLRURG 44I

de Vos, Catalina 271

DE Vries, Jan 691

DE Vries, Wyntie 651

de Waran, Ambrosius 547

DE WiNDEL, JaNNEKEN lOO

de fVinder, Elias 502

Dey (see also Dye), Theunis 637

d'Honnour, Guiljam 482

DiRCKS, Aefje 457

DiRCKS, Geertje 284

DiRcx, Egbertje 270

DiRcx, Harmentje 345

DiRCXEN, AdRIAEN 2IO

DiRCXEN, Jan . 303

DoMiNicus, Claesje 234

Drisius, Samuel 141

DuuRSTEDE, Magdaleentje 377

DUYCKING, AnNEKEN 489

DUYCKING, CyTIE 513

DuYCKiNG, Evert 511

DuYCKiNG, Gerrit 497

DuYCKiNG, Maria 206

DUYTSMAN, UrSELTJE 227

Dye (see also Dey), Dirck 587

Dye, Jannetje 588

Name Number E

Ebel, Clara 391

Ebel, Pieter 392

Elbertszen, Gysbert 208

Elswaert, Brechtie 605

Elswaert, Clement 631

Emanuels, Barbara 645

Emanuels, Claes 690

Engelbert, Anna Maria 630

Ennes^ Sara 476

Etsal, Judith 153

Evertzen, Jan 268

F

Fellaert^ Helena 344

Flaesbeeck, Barent 537

Flaesbeeck, Femmetje 536

Fluyt,Dirck 601

Focken, Grietje 584

FOCKENSZEN, EgBERT 682

Frans, Catalina 105

Frans, Jannetje 592

Frans, Sara 687

Franszen, Claes 408

Franszen, Dirck 373

Franszen^ Jacob 560

Franszen, Thymon 569

Fredericxen, Arent 256

Fredricx, Lysbeth 79

Fredrick, Rebecca 133

G

Gerrits, Aefje 484

Gerrits, Ariaentje 313

Gerrits, Margrietie 676

Gerrits, Vrouwtje 655

Gerritsen, Geurt 35

Gerritszen, Cozyn 654

Gerritszen, Hendrick 245

Gerritszen, Otto 315

GoDERUs, Franz 491

GoHs, Cregera 386

Greevenraedt, Isaac 88

Grevenraedt, Andries 76

Grevenraedt, Elisabeth 140

Grevenraedt, Metje 319

Groenlant, Maria 122

Name Number

Gysrerts, Aeltje 197

Gysberts, Neeltje 209

H

Hadders, Tryntie 606

Hage, Bruyn 558

Hagen, Margareta 351

Harberdinck, Jan 495

Hardenberg, Gerrit 85

Hardenberg, Sara 87

Hardenbroeck^ Anna 462

Hardenbroeck, Casparus 231

Hardenbroeck, Catharina 404

Hardenbroeck, Johannes 464

Hardenbroeck, Johannes 228

Hardenbroeck, Metje 229

Massing, Bernardus 218

Massing, Geertruyd 639

Hegemans, Benjamin 173

Hegemans, Elisabeth 172

Hellaecken, Willem 628

Hendricks, Assuerus 566

Hendricks, Geesje 625

Hendricks, Maria 292

Hendricks, Marritje 538

Hendrickszen, Frederick 555

Hendrickszen, Laurens 578

Hendricx, Elsje 680

Hendricx, Jannetje 385

Hendricx, Kniertje 442

Hendricx, Margaretha 193

Hendricx, Marritje 156

Hendricx, Sara 181

Hendricx, Wybrug 233

Hendricxen, Evert 230

Hercx, Belitje 170

Hercx, Engeltje 267

Hermans, Fran^ina 510

Heyers, Walter 42

Holt, Laurens 467

Hooglant, Johannes 490

Hooglant, Stoffel 82

Hooker, Thomas 60

Huypens, Wiesken 565

Hybon, Barent 477

Hybon, Jan 475

Name Number

I

Iden-s, Geesje 436

Idexs, Rebecca 492

Idexs, Rebecca 643

IsACZEX, Arext 450

Isexdoorn^ Judith 663

J

Jacobs, Aefje 685

Jacobs, Lysbeth 3^9

Jacobs, Magdalena 561

Jacobs, Marritie 667

Jacobs, Marritje 659

Jacobs, Teuxtje 621

Jacoezex, Lysbeth 375

Jacobzex^ Pieter 673

Jans, Adriaextje 242

Jaxs, Aecht 352

Jax's, Aeltje 488

Jans, Albertje 532

Jans, Axxa Maria 162

Jans, Anxetje 449

Jans, Anxetje 545

Jans, Baetje 289

Jans, Catharina 705

Jax's, Celitje 138

Jans, Elsje 689

Jans, Geertje 383

Jans, Grietie 678

Jans, Jax'neken 238

Jans, Lysbeth 211

Jans, Lysbeth 692

Jans, Marritje 89

Jans, Marritje 120

Jans, IVLarritje 382

Jans, Marritje 531

Jans, j\La.rritje 579

Jans, Neeltje 567

Jans, Sara ^ 102

Jans, Styntje 556

Jans, Styntje 626

Jans, Tryntie 388

Janszex, Abraham 322

Janszen, Anthony 320

Jaxszex, Herman 604

Jaxszex, Jeremias 317

Janszen, Johannes 215

Janszen, Joris 422

Name Number

Janszen, Nicolaes 543

Janszen, Pieter 314

Janszen, Pieter 572

Janszen, Pieter 658

JiLLis, Grietie 430

Jochemszen, David 500

Joosten^ Sara 622

JORIS, HiLLEGOND 461

JoriszeUj Border 176

Jurxen, Paulus . 394

K

Kerfbyl, Johannes 349

Kermer, Abraham . 251

Kermer, Abraham 6

Kermer, Hendrick 367

Keteltas, Evert 460

Keteltas, Jan Evertszen 95

KiERSE, Grietje 261

Kiersen, Janneken 544

Kierstede, Blandina 53

Kierstede, Catharina 380

Kierstede, Hans 336

Kierstede, Lucas 137

KiERSTEDE, Rachel 55

Kip, Abraham 321

Kip, Baertje 304

Kip, Jacob 660

Kip, Jacobus 154

Kip, Johannes 379

Kip, Maria 662

Kip, Rachel 136

Kip, Tryntje 323

Klock, (see also Clock) Albert 182

Klock, Marten 184

Klopper, (see also Clopper) Margareta 32

Kockuyt, Joost ^ 693

KoLVE, Jacob 262

Koning, (see also de Koninck) Heyman 248

Koock, Thomas 346

Kreeftsberry, Olfert 165

Kregier, (see also Cregier) Cornelis 24

Kregiers, (see also Cregier) Catharina 417

Kroeck, Jan 526

L

Langendyck, (see also van Lange(n)dyck) Geertie 586

Langstraeten, Jan 530

Name Number

Laurence, Aeftje 48

Laurens, Emmerentje 527

Laurens, Hilletje 468

Laurens, Tryntje 595

Laurenszen, Thomas 119

Laurenszen, Zacharias 198

LE Grand, Pieter 99

Leydecker, Gerrit 365

Lej^dsler, Jacob 128

Leydsler, Susanna 129

LiEuwENs, Catharina i88

Lieuwenszen Thomas 187

Lillie, John 463

Liphens, Tytie 616

Lock, Claes 443

LoDEWYCX, Carel 332

Loockermans, Janneken 337

LOOCKERMANS, MaRRITJE 50

Lubberts, Abraham 200

LuBBERTS, Cornelia 444

Lubberts, Lysbeth 600

Lubberts, Maria 146

Lucas, Elsje 683

Lucas, Janneken 263

Lucas, Lysbeth 61

LUURSEN, ChARSTEN I95

M

Mandevil, Grietje 681

Mandevil, Jillis 679

Mans, (see also Mens) Engeltje 175

Marius, Pieter Jacobszen 115

Marsuryn, Susanna 96

Martensen, Hendrick 697

Mathysen, Abraham 34

Maurits, Gysrertje 400

Mauritszen, Jacob 438

Mauritz, Anneken 39

Mens, (see also Mans), Jacob 390

Messier, Pieter Janszen 167

Metselaer, Jan Adamszen 283

Meyer, Pieter 290

Meyert, (see also de Meyert) Andries 328

Meyert, Hendrick Jilliszen 90

Meyert, Jan 570

Meyrinck, Margariet 6g6

MiCHIELS, TrYNTIE 123

Moll, Abraham 614

Name Number

Moll, Jan Janszen 369

MONTENACK, JaNNEKEN l8

Moore, William 546

Mortenauw, Daniel 703

N

Nagel, Jeuriaen 258

Nagel, Styntie 30

Neering, Jan Willemszen 434

Nys, Pieter 437

O

Obee, Hendrick 27

Olphertsen, Seurt 37

Oosterhaven, Hendrick 528

Oosterhaven, Leendert 529

Otten, John 221

P

Parker, Rotgert 224

Paulus, Styntie 393

Peeck, Jan 56

Peers, Willem 260

Philips, Jannetje 259

Philips, Rachel 288

Philips, Sarah 301

Philipszen, Frederick 293

Phoenix, Jacob 265

PlETERS, EnGELTJE 316

Pieters, Engeltje 370

Pieters, Hilletje 608

Pieters, Margarietje 63

Pieters, Maria 421

Pieters, Marritie 216

Pieters, Metje 541

Pieters, Solomon 646

Pieters, Tryntje 354

Pieterse, Helena 33

Pietersen, Christiaen 26

Pieterszen, Daniel 225

Pieterszen, Jacob 217

Pieterszen, Jan 542

Pieterszen, Jan 599

Pieterszen, Marritje 598

Plettenburg, Grietje 22

Pluvier, Cornelis 553

Pluvier, Hester 568

Post, Elias 14

Name Number

POST^ LODEWYCK 364

Provoost, David 431

Provoost, David 594

Provoost, Elias 563

Provoost, JilHs 429

ProvoosTj Johannes 333

Provoost, Jonathan 433

Q

Quick, Cornelis 359

Quick, Geertje __.. 196

Quick, Gerritje 236

R

Rappailje, Catharina 318

Reyniers, Geertruyd 455

Reyniers, Tryntie 454

Reyniers, Tryntje 596

Richard, Paulus 139

RiNGO, Albertus 411

ROBRERTSON, JoHN 194

Roelefs, Catharina 190

ROELOFSE, YtIE 38

ROELOFSZEN, BoELE 357

Roelofszertj Jan 617

RoMBOUT, Francois 43

ROMERS, HeNDRICK 406

Room, Jan Willemszen 252

Room, Willem Jansz 381

RooME, Pieter Willemse 19

Roos, Aefje 246

Roos, Cornelia 562

Roos, Gerrit Jantze 9

Rosenvelt, Elsje 9-1

Rutgers, Magdaleentje 401

Rutgers, Sara 241

Rug, Catharina 350

Rycking, Abraham 698

S

Santvoort, Jacob Abrahamszen 465

Sarley, Anthony 648

Schepmoes, Aeltje 94

Schepmoes, Joepje 86

Schepmoes, Urseltje 374

SCHOUTEN, AnNEKEN 636

Schouten, Jan loi

ScHOUTEN, JaNNETJE 521

Name Number

SCHOUTEN, LySBETH IO3

SCHRICK, PaULUS 446

ScHRiCK, Susanna 308

ScHuuRMANs^ Geesje 557

ScHUURMANs^ Lysbeth 559

Schuyler, Brant 334

Schuyler, Geertruyd 274

Selyns, Henricus 306

Servaes, Gys 668

Seurt, Olphert 31

Simons, Hendrickje 512

Sipkens, Jan 552

Sinclaer, Robert 205

Slichtenhorst, Lysbeth 666

Slot, Jan Pieterszen 235

Smit, Philip 84

Smit, John 148

Stavast, Claes Jansz 483

Stavast, Jannetje 486

Steentjens, Christina 481

Steenwyck, Cornells 75

Stephenszen, Isaac 45

Stephenszen, Jan 62

Stephenszen, Pieter 522

Stevens, Elisabeth 451

Stoffelzen, Reyer 384

Stoutenburg, Engeltje 427

Stoutenburg, Jannetje 412

Stoutenburg, Pieter 425

Stoutenburg, Tobias 11

Stoutenburg, Wyntie 226

Stultheer, Francyntje 576

Stuyvensant, Petrus 664

Stuyvesant, Nicolaes Willem 665

Swart, Jacob 620

T

Teller, Helena 44

Teller, Jacob 65

TEN Broeck, Hendrick Wesselsz 505

TEN Eyck, Coenraed 7

TEN Eyck, Coenraed (Jr.) 169

TEN Eyck, Dirck 347

TEN Eyck, Tobias 171

Theunis, Hillegond 68

Theunis, Sara 257

Theunis, Wyntie 699

Theuniszen, Dirck 104

Name Number

Thomas, Adriaentje 548

Thomas, Aeltje 635

Thomas, Annetje 368

Thomas, Josyntie 649

Thomas, Metje 397

Thomas, Sara 356

Thomaszen, Jan 656

Thomaszen, Johannes 684

Thotill, Jeremias 298

Thymens, Elsje 127

Thyssen, Anna 405

Tiebout, Herck 700

Tienhoven, Jannetje 147

Tienhoven, Lucas 178

TiMMER, Wyd 585

TOBRELAER, AnNA 5OI

Toll, Cornelia 282

TuRCK, Maria 5

TuRCK, Paulus 3

V

VAN Beeck, (see also Beeck) Conradus ^^88

VAN Bommel, Jan Hendr(icksz) 523

VAN Borsum, Annetje 93

van Borsum, Annetje 201

VAN Borsum, Egbert 202

VAN Borsum, Hermannus 232

VAN Borsum, Janneken 204

VAN Borsum, Hendrick 580

VAN Borsum, Thymen 583

VAN Brug, Anna 77

VAN Brug, Helena 362

van Brug, Johannes 189

van Cortlant, Catharina 331

van Cortlant, Cornelia 335

VAN Cortlant, Jacobus 307

van Cortlant, Stephanus 305

van Couwenhoven, Johannes 686

VAN Couwenhoven, Neeltie 219

van Couwenhoven, Neeltje 554

van Dam, Rip 311

van Dartelreeck, Jacomyntie 615

VAN Duursen, Pieter Abrahamsz 342

VAN DE ClYFF, DiRCK 624

VAN DEN Berg, Frederick Gysgertsz 145

VAN DER Beeck, Hester 16

VAN DER CUYL, CORNELIS 277

VAN DER CuYL, NeELTJE 366

Name Number

VAN DER Grift, Christina 131

VAN DER Grift, Grietje 439

VAN DER Grift, Jacob Leendertszen 132

VAN DER Grift, Maria 52

VAN DER Grift, Nicolaes i34

VAN DER Grift, Rachel 135

VAN DER Groef, (scc also de Groef) Pieter 203

VAN DER KOECK, FrANQOIS 65O

VAN DER LiPHORST, ElISABETH 51^

VAN DER SCHUUREN, WiLLEM 21

VAN DER Spiegel, Johannes 312

VAN DER Spiegel, Lysbeth '300

VAN DER Spiegel, Sara 310

VAN DER Veen, Catharina 432

VAN DE Water, Adriaentie 613

van de Water, Hendr(ick) 6x2

VAN de Woestyne, Abraham 669

VAN DE Woestyne, Catalyntie 670

VAN Dyck, Janneken 469

VAN Dyck, Lidia 479

VAN Feurden, Hendrick Jansz 355

VAN Flensburg, Jan Janszen 574

VAN Gelder, Hester 20

VAN Gelder, Johannes 17

van Gelder, Johannes 247

VAN Giesen, Anna Maria 214

VAN Gilden, Gerrit 98

VAN HiLLEGOM, AnNETJE 12

VAN Hoogten, Lysbeth Frans 573

VAN Hoogten, Maria 360

van Hoorn, Cornells Janszen 163

VAN Imburg, Gysbert 58

VAN Imburg, Lysbeth 57

VAN Laer, Jannetie 415

van Laer, Stoffel Gerritszen ^o6

van Langevelt, Corn(elis) 121

VAN Lange(n)dyck, (see also Langendyck) Jan Jansz — 493

VAN Lange(n)dyck, Jan Janszen 602

VAN Lang(n)dyck, Pieter Janszen 603

van Naerden, Pieter 353

van Nieuwenhuysen, Wilhelmus 40

van Quisthout, Jan Janszen 533

van Sauen, Jacob 264

VAN Steenbergen, Styntje 286

VAN 's Gravenswaert, Geertruyd Jans 220

VAN SWANENBURG, JoHANNA 294

VAN ThUYL, NeELTJE 222

VAN Tricht, Gerrit 51

Name Number

VAN Veen, Margareta 46

VAN Vleck, Anna 266

VAN Vleck, Isaac 395

VAN Vleck, Magdalena 466

VAN VoRST, Anna 571

VAN VoRST, VrOUWTJE 329

VAN Westveen, Gerrit Corn(elis) 225

Veenvos, Daniel 130

Verduyn, Cornelis 180

Verhulst, Jacobus 341

Verleth, Judith 509

Verleth^ Susanna 539

Vermeere^ Theuntie 704

Vermeulen, Margareta 611

Vincent^ Jan 448

ViNGE, Jan 564

W

V^antenaer, Albert 607

Waldron^ Daniel 240

Waldron, Marritje 244

Waldron^ Sara 279

Waldron, Willem 426

Waldrons, Annetje 414

Walgraef, Joris 402

Walis, Anna 409

V^ebber, Arnout 694

Webber, Wolfert 410

Webber, Wolfert 638

Webbers, Hester 343

Wessels, Christina 66

Wessels, Christina 473

Wessels, Evert 485

Wessels, Grietje 494

Wessels, Hartman 325

Wessels, Hendrickje 155

Wessels, Henriette 149

Wessels, Hermanus 378

Wessels, Laurens 487

Wessels, Maria 151

Wessels, Warnar 106

Wesselszen, Jan 577

Willems, Aeltje IP7

Willems, Marritje 168

Willemszen, Jan 78

WiLLEMSZEN, ReYNIER 452

Willemszen, Rutgert 399

Witsvelt, Justus no

WoLSUM, Magdalena 420

THIS DE LUXE EDITION OF THE RECORDS OF HENRICUS SELYNS IS LIMITED TO TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTY COPIES PRINTED ON F.'iN GELDER ZONEN HOLLAND HAND-MADE PAPER, NUMBERED CONSECUTIVELY FROM ONE TO TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTY. IT WAS PREPARED UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF WILLIAM LEFERICH BROJVER AND ARRANGED BY EDWARD VAN WINKLE, AND PRINTED BY THE CHAMPLIN PRESS, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO. COMPLETED IN THE MONTH OF AUGUST, 1916.

THIS COPY IS NUMBER

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50

7^U<^yCZoC__

LIBRARY CLERK OF THE HOLLAND S0CIE1